Experimental study on separating ilmenite from a tailing of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite ore in Panxi region
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摘要: 攀西地区某钒钛磁铁矿选铁尾矿含TiO2 8.25%，矿石中可回收矿物为钛铁矿，主要脉石矿物为辉石和角闪石，脉石磁性较强。矿石粒度和钛铁矿嵌布粒度较细，−38 μm粒级含量达到45.46%，TiO2分布率49.79%。为有效利用钛资源，对其进行选钛试验。结果表明，该矿经弱磁除铁—分级脱泥后，沉砂采用螺旋溜槽一粗一扫选别，细泥采用ZQS高梯度磁选机磁选，获得产率36.45%，TiO2品位15.88%，回收率70.11%的综合钛粗精矿。综合粗精矿经浮选脱硫后，以硫酸和水玻璃为调整剂，YTB-1为捕收剂进行钛浮选，经过一粗四精一扫，中矿顺序返回，最终可获得产率9.57%，TiO2品位47.23%，回收率54.79%的钛精矿，实现了钛资源的高效回收。Abstract: A vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite dressing tailing in Panxi region contents of 8.25% TiO2. In the ore, the main valuable mineral was ilmenite, and the main gangue minerals were augite and hornblende, and the gangue minerals are of stronger magnetism. Both the particle size and disseminated grain size of ilmenite are relatively fine in the ore, the fine fraction of −38 μm reaches 45.46% and contributes 49.79% TiO2. In order to utilize the titanium resources effectively, a dressing test for recovering ilmenite was carried out. In this paper, the ore was graded into two parts by particle size after the strong magnetite minerals were removed by a drum magnetic separator, then the coarse-grained ore was separated by using spiral chute and the fine-grained ore was separated by using a ZQS high-gradient magnetic separator. A comprehensive ilmenite concentrate with a yield rate of 36.45%, a TiO2 grade of 15.88% and a recovery of 70.11% was obtained. Sulfuric acid and sodium silicate were used as regulators and YTB-1 as a collector to separate ilmenite from the comprehensive concentrate which was desulphurized by flotation beforehand. After one rougher stage, four finer stages, and one scavenging stage, the medium ore are returned in sequence, and finally, an ilmenite concentrate with a yield of 9.57%, a TiO2 grade of 47.23% and a recovery of 54.79% was obtained. Ilmenite mineral resource was recovered effectively.
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图 1 立环高梯度磁选试验流程
Figure 1. Flow chart of low-intensity magnetic separation by using vertical ring wet high-gradient magnetic separator
图 2 除铁—脱泥—螺旋溜槽—ZQS回收细泥试验流程
Figure 2. Flow chart of low-intensity magnetic separation–desliming–spiral sluice separation–ZQS recovering fine ilmenite by using high-gradient magnetic separator
图 4 硫酸用量试验结果
Figure 4. Influence of dosage of sulfuric acid on the flotation of ilmenite
图 5 捕收剂YTB-1用量试验结果
Figure 5. Influence of dosage of collector YTB-1 on the flotation of ilmenite
图 6 水玻璃用量试验结果
Figure 6. Influence of dosage of water glass on the flotation of ilmenite
表 1 原矿化学元素组成
Table 1. Chemical element composition in the raw ore
% Fe TiO2 SiO2 Al2O3 CaO 12.95 8.25 38.8 4.24 14.51 MgO Na2O K2O P S 14.35 0.55 0.36 0.11 0.28 
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表 2 原矿矿物组成
Table 2. Mineral composition of the raw ore
矿物组成 含量/% 矿物组成 含量/% 钛铁矿 12.8 辉石 39.09 榍石 0.65 角闪石 34.46 钛磁铁矿 1.54 绿泥石 1.52 赤铁矿 0.26 蛇纹石 2.48 褐铁矿 0.57 黑云母 2.33 磁黄铁矿 0.33 橄榄石 1.13 黄铜矿 0.19 斜长石 0.36 磷灰石 0.38 方解石 0.34
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表 3 原矿粒度组成与TiO2在各粒级分布
Table 3. Size distribution of particles and the distribution of TiO2 in different size fractions in the raw ore
粒级/μm 产率/% TiO2品位/% 回收率/% 负累积回收率/% +200 3.65 3.80 1.66 100.00 −200～+150 3.54 4.25 1.80 98.34 −150～+74 16.90 6.81 13.80 96.53 −74～+38 30.35 9.05 32.94 82.73 −38～+19 26.85 10.28 33.10 49.79 −19 18.71 7.44 16.69 16.69 合计 100.00 8.34 100.00
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表 4 立环高梯度磁选试验结果
Table 4. Separation results of vertical ring wet high-gradient magnetic separator
产品名称 产率/% TiO2品位/% 回收率/% 次铁精矿 2.21 12.12 3.24 钛精矿 27.10 13.8 45.27 中矿 28.86 6.23 21.76 尾矿 41.83 5.87 29.72 给矿 100 8.26 100
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表 5 除铁—脱泥—螺旋溜槽—ZQS高梯度磁选回收细泥试验结果
Table 5. Results of high-gradient magnetic separator test via the process of low-intensity magnetic separation, desliming, spiral sluice separation, and ZQS recovering fine ilmenite
产品名称 产率/% TiO2品位/% 回收率/% 次铁精矿 2.34 12.06 3.42 螺旋精矿 20.44 16.54 40.95 螺旋尾矿 37.02 3.08 13.81 ZQS精矿 16.01 15.04 29.17 ZQS尾矿 24.19 4.32 12.66 原矿 100 8.26 100.00
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表 6 全流程闭路试验结果
Table 6. Results of the whole closed-circuit process
产品名称 产率/% TiO2品位/% 回收率/% 次铁精矿 2.34 12.06 3.42 硫粗精矿 2.15 8.56 2.23 钛精矿 9.57 47.23 54.79 尾矿 85.94 3.80 39.56 原矿 100 8.25 100
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