钢铁钒钛

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THERMODYNAMICS OF Fe-Ga-C MELT

ZHAO Hutian, ZHOU Rongzhang, LIN Zongcai

1993, 14(4): 1-5.

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Through the calculation and experiment,some thermodynamic parameters,ie,are obtained which are applied to thermodynamic calculations for extracting Ga from Ga-bearing hot metal.

EQUILIBRIUM DETERMINATION OF Fe-Ga-O SYSTEM

DONG Lizheng, ZHAO Yuxiang

1993, 14(4): 6-9.

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Under Ar Protection in molybdenum-wound furnace oxygen activity at Fe-Ga-C ternary system equilibrium,with Ga content ranging from 1.87% to 6.21%,was determined by the solid electrolyte oxygen probe.The relation between the temperature and thermodvnamic parameters such as standard free energy etc.,of Ga dissolved in the molten iron is obtained.

A STUDY ON THERMODYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF Fe-Ga-C SYSTEM

DONG Lizheng, ZHAO Yuxiang

1993, 14(4): 10-14.

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This paper describes the thermodynamic behvior of Fe-Ga-C system in the gallium-bearing molten iron.mainly dealing with an investigation into the influence of dissolved gallium (concentration ranging from 0.11% to 9.33%) on the solubility of carbon in the molteniron at various temperatures.The experiments have been carried out in carbon tube furnace under the highly purified argon atmosphere.The relation between Ga content in the molten iron and the saturated solubility of carbon at various temperatures is obtained.According to the Schenck's interaction equation.in addition.the relation between the interaction equations of carbon and gallium in the molten iron and the temperature.namely,ε_C^Ga and ω_C^Ga is established.

BRIEF REPORT ON DETERMING THERMODYNAMICS OF Fe-Ga-X-O MELT

XIAO Hancheng, ZHAO Yuxiang

1993, 14(4): 15-16.

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Investigation has been made into the influence of common elements in the hot metal,ie,Si.Mn,V and Ti,on the gallium activity.And interaction coefficents between Si,Mn,V and Ti were determined.eGaX was calculated based on X-O equilibrium of Fe-Ga-X-O melt.

THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF Ga EXTRACTION FROM MOLTEN IRON

WU Pingnan, PAN Yifang

1993, 14(4): 17-23.

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The possibility of removal of gallium from hot metal by chlorination treatment is discussed from the point of view of thermodynamics.The thermodynamic analysis shows that the chlorination treatment is more beneficial than conventional oxidation treatment of hot metal to remove gallium.

RECOVERY OF Ga FROM HOT METAL BY CHLORINATION TREATMENT

PAN Yifang, WU Pingnan

1993, 14(4): 24-27.

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Gallium in hot metal is removed by chlorination treatment using iron chloride as chlorination agents.Effects of temperature,injection depth of agents,and coexisting elements on the recovery of gallium are discussed.It is concluded that evaporated gallium chloride can be easily enriched in the water of trap.

THERMODYNAMIC CALCULATION ON CHLORIDIZING VOLATILIZATION OF Ga DURING SODIUMINATION ROASTING OF V-SLAG

LI Hong, WU Pingnan, ZHOU Rongzhang

1993, 14(4): 28-32.

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This paper deals with,from the point of view of thermodynamics,the possibility of NaCl addition to chloridizing Volatilization of Ga during Sodiumination roasting of V-slag,in a temperature range 600~1200K.Conclusions are drawn that the magnitude of Cl₂-O₂ ratio is considerably related to the formation of aqueous sodium vana-date and reaches its maximum value,when NaCl and Na₂O·V₂O₅ are at equilibrium state;and GaCl₃ comes from Ga by chloridization and then volatilizes.Also.the thermo-dynamic calculation shows that the formation pressure of GaCl₃ is quite high,therefore the attempt is worthy to be made.

INFLUENCE OF p_{O₂ ON EXTRACTING Ga FROM V-CONTAINING SLAG BY SODA CHLORINATION ROASTING}

WANG Xinhua, ZHOU Rongzhang

1993, 14(4): 33-38.

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Gallium is a rare scattered metal of important uses.The V-containing slag produced by Panzhihua Steel Co.contains Ga₂0₃.In this paper,the influence of the p_O₂ on extracting Ga from the V-containing slag is discussed based on thermodynamic analysis and experimental results.The predominance diagram of the V-Ga-Cl-O system at 850℃ indicates that,during roasting,a relatively high O₂ partial pressure should be maintained to oxidize FeV₂O₄ which then reacts with NaCl and liberates Cl₂ to chloridize Ga₂O₃ in the slag.It was found from the roasting experiment that the chlorination ratio of Ga₂O₃ increases with p_O₂ when p_O₂ is lower than 0.005 MPa but decreases with p_O₂ when p_O₂ is higher than 0.005MPa.The maximum chlorination ratio of Ga₂O₃ during roasting was about 31%.

STUDY ON EXTRACTING Ga FROM V-CONTAINING SLAG BY CHLORINATION ROASTING

HAN Shizhong, WANG Xinhua, ZHOU Rongzhang

1993, 14(4): 39-43.

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Chlorination roasting was conducted on V-containing slag with NaCl and carbon powders at 500~1300℃ to extract Ga from the slag.The experimental results indicated that the chlorination rate of Ga₂O₃ was significantly affected by the roasting temperature.The chlorination rate of Ga₂O₃ increases with roasting temperature and the amount of NaCl added.When the slag was roasted with 20% of NaCl and 5% of carbon powders at 1200℃,more than 70% of chlorination rate of Ga₂O₃ was obtained.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CHLORIDIZING VOLATILIZATION OF Ga DURING SODIUMINATION ROASTING OF V-SLAG

LI Hong, WANG Xinhua, ZHOU Rongzhang

1993, 14(4): 44-50.

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This research makes an exploitation on the law of chloridizing volatilization of gallium during vanadium slag roasting with single addition of NaCl and with simultaneous addition of Na₂CO₃ and NaCl in a temperature range of 200~1000℃.When NaCl is solely added to vanadium slag for mixed roasting.the volatilization rate of gallium (η_Ga) increases with the amount of NaCl added,however the trend is not obvious and the conversion rate from vanadium to aqueous sodium vanadate remains low,when Na₂CO₃ and NaCl are added simultaneously to vanadium slag for mixed roasting.the effect is satisfactory.With the burden ratio of W_(v-slag)/(W_Na₂CO₃+W_NaCl)=8/2,W_Na₂CO₃/W_NaCl=2,one hour roasting at 800℃ would result in vanadium conversion rate of 85% and η_Ga of 30%.Besides.η_Ga increase with rise of the roasting temperature.However,to ensure the conversion of vanadium,it is reasonable to control the roasting temperature between 800~900℃.

CHLORIDIZING VOLATILIZATION OF Ga DURING SODIUMINATIONROASTING OF V-SLAG WITH CARBON ADDITION

LI Hong, ZHOU Rongzhang

1993, 14(4): 51-57.

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This paper deals with the chloridizing volatilization of Ga and conversion of vanadium into water-soluable vanadium by mixed roasting with addition of activated carbon and liquid pulp containing carbon to V-slag,NaCl and Na₂CO₃ at a low temperature of 400℃ and a medium temperature of 800℃.The results indicates that addition of activated carbon can remarkably increase the chloridizing volatilization of Ga (η_Ga),how-er,the effect decrease with over addition.Addition of pulp at 400℃ remarkably increase η_Ga,which is higher than that at 800℃ with addition of either activated carbon or pulp to roasting.Simultaneous addition of activated carbon and pulp doesn't help to increase the η_Ga.For chloridizing volatilization of Ga,it is most favourable to add only activated carbon to roasting at 400℃.The highest η_Ga obtained from this experiment is 35.1%.The conversion rate of vanadium to water soluable vanadium (ηv.t) is low at 400℃ without addition of Na₂CO₃ in the roasting burden.Both a higher η_Ga and a higher ηv.t may be expected with the ratio of pulp addition being 0.05 mL/g and W_Na₂CO₃/W_NaCl=2.

EXTRACTING Ga FROM V-LEACHING SLAG BY CHLORIDIZING ROASTING

GUO Hanjie, LIN Jie, ZHOU Rongzhang, LIN Zongcai, ZHAO Yuxiang

1993, 14(4): 58-66.

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Ga extraction from vanadium-leaching slag by chloridizing roasting is simulated using SMT;with combination of the traditional orthogonal design,regression analysis and nonlinear program,a new optimization experiment design has been made to obtain the optimum technological conditions with the minimum number of experiments.The nonlinear model of Ga extraction,the optimum result of Ga extraction rate and the optimum conditions have also been obtained.

EXTRACTING Ga FROM V-LEACHING SLAG BY SMELTING REDUCTION(SR)——THE PROCESS OF SR WITH CARBON UNSATURATED

GUO Hanjie, ZHOU Rongzhang, LIN Zongcai, ZHAO Yuxiang

1993, 14(4): 67-74.

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The extraction of Ga from vanadium-leaching slag has been simulated by SMT.The rate of Ga reduction under different conditions,such as carbon content,CaO content,reduction time and temperature,has been studied;The kinetics of Ga extraction has been studied;The Reduction rate is limited by the chemical reaction at the interface between slag and metal.

EXTRACTING Ga FROM V-LEACHING SLAG BY SMELTING REDUCTION——THE PROCESS OF SR WITH CARBOR SATURATED

GUO Hanjie, ZHOU Rongzhang, LIN Zongcai, ZHAO Yuxiang

1993, 14(4): 75-81.

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With combination of the traditional orthogonal design and regression analysis a nonlinear model of Ga extraction from V-leaching slag by smelting reduction has been obtained.Optimum results and conditions have also been obtained with a synthetical study of the recovery of Ga,Fe and Mn.The volatility of Ga in iron has been calculated by Langmui-Knudsen equation,which is in agreement with the present experiment.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EXTRACTING Ga WITH ALKALINE LEACHING FROM Ga-CONTAINING V-LEACHED RESIDUE

LI Hong, LI Jingjie, WANG Wanjun, ZHOU Rongzhang

1993, 14(4): 82-87.

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This research is regarded as one of the fundamental studies on extracting vanadium and gallium with autoclave leaching after oxygen blast oxidizing Ga-containing hot V-slag.The orthogonal test was adopted to carry out the experiment of extracting gallium with alkaline leaching from V-leached residue.The leaching percentage of Ga (η_Gn.) changes mainly with alkali concentration of leaching solution and leaching temperature.Maximum η_Ga about 65% can be obtained when wt.ratio of alkali (NaOH) to water in leaching solution is 0.271 and leaching temperature about 475K.In order to minimize iron and silicon and extract V and Ga in the leaching solution,alkali concentration should be raised,holding time should be kept in optimum range and desired leaching temperature is 475K.

DETERMINATION OF MELTING POINT OF CaO-SiO₂-Ga₂O₃ SYSTEM

GUO Hanjie, ZHAO Yuxiang

1993, 14(4): 88-94.

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This paper lays a foundation in the investigation into the characteristics of Ga₂O₃ containing slag.The isomelting-point contour of the ternary system of CaO-SiO₂-Ga₂O₃ was measured.The phase analysis has not been carried out in the test since our purpose is to provide a temperature dependent melting range for future research rather than draw a phase diagram of the system.In the design of the test,minimum testing points were used in an attempt to get more information and reduce some variables to simplify the mathematical processing by taking advantage of the characteristics of the ternary system coordinate and the principle of thermodynamics.

DETERMINATION OF TRACE Ga IN IRON AND SLAG WITH PHOTOMETRIC METHOD

LI Jingjie, LI Hong, ZHANG Zangshu, ZHOU Rongzhang

1993, 14(4): 95-98.

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Determination of gallium is carried out by means of photometric analysis,in which Rhodamine as the developing agent,benzene butyl acetate is used for extraction by hydrochloric acid with the acidity of 5.5 mol/L.In order to suit for determination of various samples,supplemental experiments under specific conditions are made,such as interference of foreign ions (according to the contents of various interfering elements to be analyzed),etc,.Gallium contents in 6 different types of sample including iron,slag,discarded slag after vanadium extraction are determined by this method with analysis accuracy up to requirements.

1993 Vol. 14, No. 4