钒渣高效提取冶金：钠镁复合焙烧提钒工艺

曹帅; 向俊一; 黄青云; 申彪; 何文艺; 韦林森; 吕学伟

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.06.004

钒渣高效提取冶金：钠镁复合焙烧提钒工艺

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.06.004

1.
重庆科技大学冶金与动力工程学院, 重庆 401331
2.
攀钢集团研究院有限公司钒钛资源综合利用国家重点实验室, 四川攀枝花 617000
3.
攀钢集团钒钛资源股份有限公司, 四川攀枝花 617067
4.
重庆大学材料科学与工程学院, 重庆 400044

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52474323）；重庆科技大学研究生创新计划项目（YKJCX2420201）。

详细信息

作者简介:
曹帅，2001年出生，男，重庆涪陵人，硕士研究生，研究方向为钒渣提钒，E-mail：18329667521@163.com

通讯作者:
向俊一，1989年出生，湖北宜昌人，博士，副研究员，研究方向为钒冶金及新材料制备，E-mail：xiangjunyi126@126.com

中图分类号: TF044
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-04-07
- 录用日期: 2025-05-07
- 修回日期: 2025-04-28
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-31
- 刊出日期: 2025-12-31

Efficient metallurgical extraction of vanadium slag: Sodium-magnesium composite roasting vanadium extraction process

1.
School of Metallurgy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
2.
Pangang Group Research Institute Co., Ltd., State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
3.
Pangang Group Vanadium Titanium Resources Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617067, Sichuan, China
4.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China

摘要

摘要: 钒渣钠化焙烧过程中碱土金属会很容易生成难溶于水的钙/镁钒酸盐，导致钒收率下降。然而，适量添加氧化镁可诱导生成高溶解度的钠镁复合钒酸盐（Na₆Mg₂V₄O₁₅）。基于此，创新性提出钒渣钠镁复合焙烧提钒工艺。试验结果表明，Na₆Mg₂V₄O₁₅在钠化熟料水浸条件（pH≈11）下表现出优异的溶解性能；当Na₂CO₃配比为20%、焙烧温度875 ℃时，钒渣钠化焙烧钒浸出率最高可达85.30%；而采用钠镁复合焙烧，加入3%的MgO即可将Na₂CO₃配比降至18%，并将钒浸出率提升至90.38%。焙烧熟料和浸出渣的物相分析结果表明，复合焙烧有效促进了钠镁复合钒酸盐的焙烧转化及浸出。采用低成本镁盐部分替代钠盐进行复合焙烧，可为钠化提钒工艺降本增效提供新思路。
- 钒渣 /
- 钠镁复合焙烧 /
- 钠化焙烧 /
- 提钒
Abstract: Alkaline earth metals can easily form water-insoluble calcium/magnesium vanadates during sodium roasting of vanadium slag, leading to a decrease in vanadium recovery rate. However, the moderate MgO addition facilitates the formation of a highly soluble sodium-magnesium vanadate (Na₆Mg₂V₄O₁₅). Based on this discovery, we propose an innovative sodium-magnesium composite roasting process for the vanadium extraction from vanadium slag. Experimental results reveal that Na₆Mg₂V₄O₁₅ exhibits superior dissolution performance under the alkaline leaching conditions (pH~11) of the typical sodium-roasted vanadium slag. The highest vanadium leaching efficiency of 85.30% is obtained under the conventional sodium roasting conditions (20% Na₂CO₃ dosage, 875 ℃). By using the composite roasting process with 3% MgO addition, the Na₂CO₃ dosage is reduced to 18% and the leaching rate is increase to 90.38%. Phase composition analysis of the roasted samples and leached residues indicates that composite roasting promotes the formation of sodium-magnesium vanadate and its subsequent dissolution. This cost-effective strategy of partially substituting sodium salts with magnesium salts provides a novel approach for optimizing conventional sodium roasting processes, leading to the reduction of costs and increase of efficiency in the sodium vanadium extraction process.
- vanadium slag /
- sodium-magnesium composite roasting /
- sodium roasting /
- vanadium extraction

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图 1 钒渣精粉XRD谱图

Figure 1. XRD pattern of vanadium slag concentrate

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图 2 预测的Na₂O-MgO-V₂O₅体系液相投影面^[21]

Figure 2. The predicted liquid projection of the Na₂O-MgO-V₂O₅ system

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图 3 Na₆Mg₂V₄O₁₅及其浸出渣XRD图

Figure 3. XRD patterns of the synthesized Na₆Mg₂V₄O₁₅ and its leaching residue

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图 4 Na₆Mg₂V₄O₁₅在pH≈11条件下的浸出率曲线

Figure 4. Leaching rate curve of Na₆Mg₂V₄O₁₅ under pH≈11 condition

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图 5 焙烧温度对钒渣钠化焙烧熟料浸出的影响

Figure 5. Effect of roasting temperature on leaching of sodium roasted vanadium slag

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图 6 钒渣钠化焙烧熟料和浸出渣XRD

Figure 6. XRD patterns of the sodium roasted vanadium slag and leaching residue

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图 7 焙烧温度对钒渣钠镁复合焙烧熟料浸出的影响

Figure 7. Effect of roasting temperature on leaching of sodium-magnesium roasted vanadium slag

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图 8 钒渣钠镁复合焙烧熟料和浸出渣XRD

Figure 8. XRD patterns of the sodium-magnesium roasted vanadium slag and leaching residue

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图 9 钠镁复合焙烧-水浸提钒工艺流程

Figure 9. Flowchart of the sodium-magnesium composite roasting - water leaching vanadium extraction process

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图 10 钠镁复合焙烧与传统钠化焙烧工艺的雷达图对比

Figure 10. Radar chart comparison between sodium-magnesium composite roasting and conventional sodium roasting processes

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表 1 钒渣精粉化学成分

Table 1. Chemical composition of vanadium slag concentrate %

V₂O₅ TFe TiO₂ SiO₂ MnO CaO MgO Al₂O₃ Cr₂O₃

16.50 32.59 10.98 9.99 7.88 2.18 1.86 1.21 1.94

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