摘要:
对轴承钢连铸坯中夹杂物进行了检测,发现铸坯中存在大尺寸的TiN夹杂物。从热力学和动力学方面研究了凝固过程选分结晶对TiN夹杂物析出的影响。热力学分析表明,液相线温度以上不会有TiN析出;凝固过程由于凝固前沿Ti、N富集,当凝固率达到0.65~0.75后会有TiN析出;降低Ti、N含量可推迟TiN的析出,减小TiN夹杂的尺寸和数量。动力学分析表明,随着冷却速度的降低,凝固过程TiN夹杂物的尺寸显著降低,当冷速高于50K/s时,TiN的理论半径为2.4μm,当冷速低于5 K/s时,TiN的理论半径在7.6μm以上;完全凝固后铸坯冷却过程析出的TiN为纳米级。实际铸坯表层未发现等效半径大于2.5μm的TiN,1/4和中心处观察到的最大TiN等效半径分别为6.77μm和8.46μm,这表明铸坯中大尺寸TiN夹杂物是在凝固过程析出的。
关键词:
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轴承钢 /
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凝固 /
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TiN夹杂物 /
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热力学 /
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动力学
Abstract:
The inclusions in bearing steel continuous casting bloom were observed,and the large size TiN inclusions were found in the bloom.The effects of Ti and N elements segregation at the solidification front on precipitation of TiN inclusion was studied on the basis of thermodynamics and dynamics.The thermodynamics analysis results show that there is no TiN precipitation above liquidus.When the solid fraction is above 0.65~0.75,the TiN could be precipitated at the solidification front because of Ti and N segregation.With the decrease of Ti and N content in steel,the formation of TiN will be delayed and the size and number of TiN will be decreased.The dynamics analysis results show that with the increase of cooling rate,the size of TiN inclusion during solidification is significantly reduced.When the cooling rate is higher than 50 K/s,the calculated size of TiN is 2.4 μm,and this value will be more than 7.6 μm when the cooling rate is less than 5 K/s.The size of TiN is only tens to hundreds of nanometers in the case of TiN precipitating in solid steel.The TiN inclusion with more than equivalent radius of 2.5 μm was not observed in the surface layer of bloom,but the equivalent radius of 6.77 μm and 8.46 μm were found in the 1/4 thickness and the center of bloom,respectively.These results indicate that the large size TiN inclusions precipitate during solidification.