摘要:
采用电极感应熔炼气雾化法（EIGA）制备激光3D打印用TC4合金粉末（15~45μm）。采用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射分析仪（XRD）、激光粒度分析仪（LPS）、粉体特性综合测试仪等设备，对粉末的形貌、物相组成、粒度分布、松装密度及流动性进行表征，同时研究了雾化气体压力和熔体温度对激光3D打印TC4合金粉末收得率影响。结果表明：采用EIGA制备得到TC4合金粉末形貌为近规则球形，粉末表面存在少量“卫星球”，粉末由α′-Ti相组成。TC4合金粉末收得率随着雾化气体压力和熔体温度的升高先增加后减小。最佳雾化工艺参数为：雾化气体压力5 MPa，熔体温度1 800℃，此条件下平均粒径D50为81.2μm，15~45μmTC4钛合金粉末收得率为22.3%，流动性为42.5 s，松装密度为2.83 g/cm3，氧含量1 260×10-6，符合激光3D打印用TC4钛合金粉末特征要求。
Abstract:
The preparation of TC4 alloy powders for laser 3 D printing(15~45 μm) via electrode induction melting gas atomization(EIGA) method was studied in this paper.The morphologies,phase compositions,particle size distributions,apparent densities and flowabilities of the powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),laser particle size analyzer(LPS) and powder comprehensive characteristics tester,respectively.Meanwhile,the effects of gas atomization pressure and melt temperature on the yield of TC4 alloy powders were studied.The results indicate that the TC4 alloy powders have nearly regular spherical morphology,with a small amount of satellite balls adhering on the surface.The powder is α'-Ti of a single phase solid solution.With the increase of atomizing gas pressure and melt temperature,the yield of TC4 alloy powders increases first and then decreases.The optimum parameters are gas atomization pressure of 5 MPa,melt temperature of 1 800℃.Under the optimized conditions,the average particle size D50 is 81.2 μm,the yield of 15~45 μm powders is 22.3%,the flowability is 42.5 s(50 g),the apparent density is 2.83 g/cm3 with oxygen content of 1 260×10-6,which meet the requirements for laser 3 D printing.
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