Effect of Cr on the properties of 460 MPa anti-seismic and fire-resistant construction steel
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摘要: 设计了两种不同Cr含量460 MPa级抗震耐火建筑用钢，并进行了室温和高温机械性能检测，0.4%Cr和0.8%Cr试验钢的性能均满足抗震钢屈强比≤0.83，并且耐火钢600 ℃保温3 h后屈服强度≥307 MPa的标准。JMatPro热力学软件对460 MPa级抗震耐火建筑用钢的析出相进行计算，采用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜方法对钢中的析出相进行了分析。结果表明，试验钢随Cr含量的升高，室温抗拉强度升高，屈强比降低，具有更好的抗震性能。Cr的增加，减少了高温稳定性较差的析出相的析出，降低了析出相中Mo的含量，促使Mo更多地溶入基体中，从而提高了抗震钢的高温固溶强化作用和耐火性能。Abstract: The anti-seismic and fire-resistant 460 MPa construction steels with different Cr content were designed to analyze the microstructure, performance at room temperature and elevated temperature. Both 0.4%Cr and 0.8%Cr steels meet the standards of anti-seismic and fire-resistant steel, that is, yield ratio is less than 0.83 and yield strength is more than 307 MPa after 3 hours soaking at 600 ℃. The precipitations were simulated and analyzed by simulation software and using OM and TEM. It is concluded that increasing Cr content has an effect on improving of yield stress at room temperature and the reduction of yield strength ratio. With the increase of Cr content, high elevated temperature instability precipitations and the content of Mo in the precipitations can be decreased and Mo in the matrix can be raised. It has a positive effect on enhanced high elevated temperature solution strengthening and fire-resistance of construction steel because of Mo solid solutions.
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Key words:
- construction steel /
- Cr /
- anti-seismic /
- fire-resistance /
- yield ratio
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图 2 600 ℃保温处理后试验钢析出相观察图及能谱分析
Figure 2. The observation and energy spectrum analysis of precipitations for experimental steels hold at 600 ℃
图 3 JMatPro模拟析出相体积分数随时间变化
Figure 3. The change of JMatPro simulation precipitations volume fraction with time
表 1 460 MPa级抗震耐火钢的化学成分
Table 1. Chemical compositions of 460 MPa anti-seismic and fire-resistant construction steel
% 钢号 C Si Mn Cr Mo Nb+Ti Cu+Ni Al P S 1# 0.055 0.25 1.39 0.40 0.27 0.047 0.55 0.03 0.0052 0.0041 2# 0.056 0.24 1.37 0.80 0.26 0.046 0.56 0.03 0.0052 0.0041 
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表 2 460 MPa级抗震耐火钢工艺参数
Table 2. Technology parameters of 460 MPa anti-seismic and fire-resistant construction steel
编号 一阶段开轧
温度/℃一阶段终轧
温度/℃二阶段开轧
温度/℃二阶段终轧
温度/℃二次轧制
厚度/mm开冷
温度/℃终冷
温度/℃冷却速率/
（℃·s−1)1# 1020 982 860 826 60 783 342 9.20 2# 1020 986 860 828 60 786 348 9.14
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表 3 室温和高温机械性能
Table 3. Mechanical properties of experimental steels at room temperature and elevated temperature
编号 屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 屈强比 断后延伸率/% −40 ℃冲击功/J 高温屈服强度/MPa 高温抗拉强度/MPa 1# 538.7 693.2 0.78 21.0 209.6 379.8 429.9 2# 543.1 723.3 0.75 20.3 231.4 407.8 466.2
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表 4 马奥岛平均尺寸与体积分数
Table 4. Average size and volume fraction of the MA constituents in the tested steels
编号 平均尺寸/μm 体积分数/% 1# 0.64 3.19 2# 0.49 2.23
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表 5 试验钢大尺寸析出物平均尺寸和体积分数
Table 5. Average size and volume fraction of the MA constituents in the tested steels
编号 平均尺寸/nm 体积分数/% 1# 75.4 0.011 2# 67.9 0.008
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