Extraction of vanadium from high-chromium vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite pellets by oxidation roasting-HCl leaching process
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摘要: 以高铬型钒钛铁精矿为原料,研究其在氧化焙烧-盐酸浸出过程中球团强度与钒浸出行为之间的相互关系。热力学分析结果表明,在氧化钙存在的条件下,高铬型钒钛铁精矿中主要化合物的氧化反应顺序依次为:FeTiO3>Fe3O4>Fe2SiO4>FeV2O4>FeCr2O4。氧化产物物相分析结果证实,钛铁矿比磁铁矿更易氧化,氧化产物的主要物相为Fe2O3和Fe9TiO15。氧化温度和盐酸浓度分别是氧化过程和浸出过程中影响钒浸出率和浸出后球团强度的关键因素;浸出后球团强度与V2O5浸出率呈现较为明显的负相关关系;返烧可以有效提升浸出后球团强度,在返烧温度1200 ℃,返烧时间90 min条件下,返烧后球团强度大于3 000 N/球。Abstract: The relationship between crushing strength of pellets and leaching behaviors of vanadium in oxidation roasting-HCl leaching process from high-chromium vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite concentrates were investigated in this work. The results of the thermodynamic analysis of oxidizing roasting process show that the order of reaction of main compounds is: FeTiO3>Fe3O4>Fe2SiO4>FeV2O4>FeCr2O4. The phase analysis results of oxidation roasting process show that the oxidation reaction of the ilmenite is easier to magnetite, and the main phases of oxidation pellets are Fe2O3 and Fe9TiO15. Experimental results indicate that the oxidation temperature and HCl concentration are the key factors affecting the leaching efficiency of vanadium and the crushing strength of leached pellets in the oxidation process and leaching process respectively. There is an obvious negative correlation between the leaching efficiency of vanadium and the crushing strength of leached pellets. The crushing strength of leached pellets can be effectively increased by return roasting process. The crushing strength of pellets after return roasting is greater than 3 000 N/pellet under the condition of roasting temperature of 1 200 ℃ for 90 min, which can be used as raw materials for blast furnace ironmaking.
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表 1 高铬型钒钛铁精矿的主要化学成分
Table 1. Main chemical composition of high chromium-bearing vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates
% Fe3O4 FeO TiO2 V2O5 Cr2O3 MgO Al2O3 SiO2 CaO SO3 MnO 58.61 9.93 11.03 0.69 0.67 7.57 3.79 5.46 0.69 1.02 0.25 表 2 高铬型钒钛铁精矿的粒度组成
Table 2. Size distribution of high chromium-bearing vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates
粒度/μm 占比/% <45 14.9 45~75 53.8 75~125 23.2 >125 8.1 表 3 氧化焙烧条件对氧化球团强度、浸出球团强度和钒浸出的影响正交试验
Table 3. Orthogonal test on effect of oxidizing roasting conditions on CS of oxidized pellets, CS of leached pellets and leaching efficiency of V2O5
序号 氧化温度/
℃氧化时间/
hCa(OH)2添加量/
%膨润土添加量/
%氧化球团抗压
强度/(N.球−1)浸出球团抗压
强度/(N.球−1)V2O5浸出率/% 1 1200 1 1 1.5 3707.7 3084.1 17.13 2 1200 2 1.5 0.75 2772.8 3477.0 12.19 3 1200 3 2 0 2720.5 677.2 36.17 4 1100 1 1.5 0 555.8 225.6 37.15 5 1100 2 2 1.5 1404.7 431.1 44.24 6 1100 3 1 0.75 1140.2 305.3 43.12 7 1000 1 2 0.75 325.6 127.2 34.00 8 1000 2 1 0 300.4 195.8 48.00 9 1000 3 1.5 1.5 322.8 183.0 34.26 氧化球团
抗压强度K1 3067.0 1529.7 1716.1 1811.7 K2 1033.6 1492.6 1217.1 1412.9 K3 316.3 1394.5 1483.6 1192.2 极差 R 2750.7 135.2 499.0 619.5 浸出球团
抗压强度K1 2412.8 1145.6 1195.1 1232.7 K2 320.7 1368.0 1295.2 1303.2 K3 168.7 388.5 411.8 366.2 极差 R 2244.1 979.5 883.4 937.0 V2O5浸出率 K1 21.83 29.43 36.09 31.88 K2 41.50 34.81 27.87 29.77 K3 38.75 37.85 38.14 40.44 极差 R 19.67 8.42 10.27 10.67 表 4 浸出条件对浸出球团强度和钒浸出的影响正交试验
Table 4. Orthogonal test on effect of leaching conditions on CS of leached pellets and leaching efficiency of V2O5
序号 浸出
温度/
℃浸出
时间/
d液固比 盐酸
浓度
/(mol·L−1)浸出球团
抗压强度/
(N·球−1)V2O5
浸出率/%1 30 21 9 0.1 2466.1 19.85 2 30 14 6 0.5 828.8 46.73 3 30 7 3 0.9 966.2 19.97 4 50 21 6 0.9 815.3 48.75 5 50 14 3 0.1 2500.0 0.81 6 50 7 9 0.5 614.6 27.06 7 70 21 3 0.5 966.3 23.73 8 70 14 9 0.9 912.6 33.45 9 70 7 6 0.1 1975.7 7.78 浸出球
团抗压
强度K1 1420.4 1185.5 1331.1 2313.9 K2 1310.0 1413.8 1206.6 803.2 K3 1284.9 1415.9 1477.5 898.0 极差 R 135.5 230.4 270.9 1510.7 V2O5
浸出率K1 28.85 30.78 26.78 9.48 K2 25.54 26.99 34.42 32.50 K3 21.65 18.27 14.84 34.06 极差 R 7.20 12.51 19.58 24.58 -
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