Wear properties of TiC particle reinforced iron matrix composites prepared by casting sintering method
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摘要: 通过铸造烧结法制备TiC颗粒增强高铬铸铁基复合材料，采用EDS、SEM等检测手段研究增强颗粒对材料显微组织和磨损行为的影响规律。结果表明，与高铬铸铁相比，复合材料中由于TiC颗粒的存在使其洛氏硬度(HRC)从49提高到了60。在磨损过程中，高铬铸铁表面的M7C3型碳化物在磨粒的反复作用下出现了明显的裂纹，并逐渐向基体内扩展。破碎后的碳化物容易脱落，不能有效阻止磨粒在材料表面的犁削作用，加剧了材料的磨损。而在复合材料中，随着较软的基体相优先被磨料削除，会裸露出大量的TiC颗粒。这些表面凸起的TiC颗粒承担磨粒的主要破坏作用，从而有效保护基体材料。对比发现，在相同的磨损条件下，复合材料的耐磨性与高铬铸铁相比提高了1.95倍。Abstract: TiC particles reinforced high chromium cast iron matrix composites were prepared by casting sintering method. The effects of reinforced particles on the microstructure and wear behavior of the composites were studied by EDS and SEM. The results showed that the Rockwell hardness (HRC) of the composites increases from 49 to 60 compared with high chromium cast iron, due to the presence of TiC particles. During the wear process, the M7C3 carbides on the surface of high chromium cast iron appeared obvious cracks under the repeated action of abrasive particles, and gradually expanded into the matrix. The broken carbides are easy to fall off, which cannot effectively prevent the ploughing effect of abrasive particles on the surface of the material and aggravate the wear of the material. In the composites, a large number of TiC particles are exposed as the softer matrix phase is preferentially removed by the abrasive. These surface convex TiC particles bear the main damage of the abrasive particles, thus effectively protecting the matrix material. Through experimental comparison, it is found that the wear resistance of the composites is 1.95 times higher than that of high chromium cast iron under the same wear conditions.
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图 5 试验钢的表面磨损形貌
Figure 5. Surface wear morphology of different experimental steel samples
图 6 试验钢的截面磨损形貌
Figure 6. Cross-sectional wear morphology of different test steel samples
表 1 高铬铸铁的化学成分
Table 1. Chemical composition of high chromium cast iron
% C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo S P Fe 3.1～3.3 0.1～0.5 0.3～0.6 25～26 0.2～0.4 0.3～0.6 0.021 0.023 余量 
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表 2 试验钢组织中物相的EDS能谱
Table 2. EDS energy spectra of phase in the microstructure of test steel
试验钢 点 y/% C Si Ti Cr Fe 高铬铸铁 1 36.08 42.98 20.94 2 19.32 1.24 10.05 63.39 3 36.21 41.54 21.77 复合材料 4 41.05 56.68 1.21 1.06 5 38.8 0.18 53.38 4.27 3.37
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