Research status and prospect of titanium alloys resistant to high temperature of 600 ℃ and above
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摘要: 概述了国内外耐600 ℃及以上高温钛合金的研究现状，在总结英国IMI834、美国Ti-1100、俄罗斯BT36、中国Ti60、TG6、Ti600、Ti65、Ti750等合金组成及性能的基础上，指出了制约高温钛合金发展的主要瓶颈，并针对目前的研究现状，提出了一些可供借鉴的解决办法。从提高高温钛合金的热稳定性、热强性和高温蠕变强度的角度对制备Ti基复合材料、优化合金成分、优化热加工工艺调控组织、控制α2相的尺寸、数量、体积分数和形态等方面进行了未来展望，为高性能高温钛合金的研制提供了理论基础和参考作用。Abstract: This paper reviews the development status of high-temperature titanium alloys resistant to 600 ℃ and above in domestic and foreign situations, and summarizes the composition and properties of IMI834 from UK, Ti-1100 from USA, BT36 from Russia and Ti60, TG6, Ti600, Ti65 and Ti750 from China. The main bottlenecks limiting the development of high-temperature titanium alloys are figured out, and some possible solutions are proposed for reference based on the current research status. In view of improving the thermal stability, thermal strength and high-temperature creeping strength of high-temperature titanium alloys, the future perspectives of preparing Ti-based composites, optimizing the alloy compositions and the thermal processing processes, controlling the size, number, volume fraction and morphology of the α2 phase and protecting the high-temperature oxide coating are prospected. This paper provides a theoretical basis and reference for the development of high performance high temperature titanium alloys.
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Key words:
- high-temperature titanium alloy /
- thermal stability /
- thermal strength /
- creep strength
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图 1 TA29合金在不同的热暴露时间内的α2相形态变化和性能变化示意
Figure 1. The schematic diagram of the morphological and property changes of α2 phase in the TA29 alloy under different TE time
表 1 国内外部分典型高温钛合金化学成分和使用温度
Table 1. Chemical compositions and operating temperatures of some typical high temperature titanium alloys at home and abroad
国家 时间 合金牌号 服役温度/ ℃ 合金成分 美国 1954 TC4 300~350 Ti-6Al-4V 1988 Ti-1100 600 Ti-6Al-2.7Sn-4Zr-0.4Mo-0.45Si 英国 1984 IMI834 600 Ti-5.8Al-4Sn-3.5Zr-0.7Nb-0.5Mo-0.35Si-0.06C 俄罗斯 1992 BT36 600 Ti-6.2Al-2Sn-3.6Zr-0.7Mo-0.1Y-0.15Si-5W 中国 1994 Ti60 600 Ti-5.8Al-4.8Sn-2Zr-1Mo-0.35Si-0.85Nd 1994 Ti600 600 Ti-6Al-2.8Sn-4Zr-0.5Mo-0.4Si-0.1Y 2000 TG6 600 Ti-5.8Al-4.0Sn-4.0Zr-0.4Si-0.7Nb-1.5Ta-0.06C 2007 Ti65 650 Ti-5.9Al-4Sn-3.5Zr-0.3Mo-0.3Nb-2.0Ta-0.4Si-1W-0.05C 2009 Ti750 750 Ti-6Al-9Zr-1.21Nb-1.6W-0.3Si 
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表 2 国内外600 ℃及以上高温钛合金的基本特点
Table 2. Basic characteristics of 600 ℃ and above high temperature titanium alloys at home and abroad
合金牌号 密度/(g·m−3) β相转变温度/ ℃ 合金类型 Ti-1100 4.50 1015 近α型 IMI834 4.59 1005~1025 近α型 BT36 4.55 1035~1055 近α型 Ti60 4.50 1025 近α型 Ti600 4.50 1010 近α型 TG6 1050 近α型 Ti65 1050±15 近α型 Ti750 1000 近α型
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表 3 国内外600 ℃及以上高温钛合金的力学性能
Table 3. Mechanical properties of 600 °C and above high temperature titanium alloys at home and abroad
合金
牌号室温拉伸性能 600 ℃拉伸性能 600 ℃蠕变性能 Rm/
MPaRp0.2/
MPaA/
%Z/
%Rm/
MPaRp0.2/
MPaA/
%Z/
%$ \varepsilon $/% $ \tau $/% Ti-1100 860 960 11 18 530 630 14 30 0.1 300 IMI834 960 1070 14 20 550 680 15 50 0.1 340 BT36 1080 10 15 640 0.2 335 Ti60 1030 1100 11 18 580 700 14 27 0.1 350 Ti600 1050 1068 11 13 615 745 16 31 0.06~0.1 350 TG6 940 1036 12.3 24.6 528 658 18.8 39.5 0.18 Ti65 1000 1094 12.5 12.8 545 655 23.0 46.5 0.14
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