Effect of recrystallization annealing on microstructures and properties of TA1 electron beam welded joint
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摘要: 对30 mm厚TA1真空电子束焊接试板开展了再结晶退火。通过对接头开展金相组织检验、拉伸、冲击试验，研究不同再结晶退火工艺对接头微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明：相较于组织为等轴α相的母材，高硬度锯齿α相和针状α'相的生成使对应的焊态下接头和900 ℃×2 h再结晶退火工艺下接头的屈服强度和抗拉强度提升，但随之而来的是接头塑性（即断后伸长率）和韧性（即冲击功）的大幅下降。母材具有的等轴α相以及700 ℃×2 h和800 ℃×2 h再结晶退火工艺下获得的近似等轴α相有利于提升韧性和塑性，使母材及对应工艺下的接头表现出了具有较高的塑性和韧性；800 ℃×2 h退火工艺下接头的强度与韧性获得最佳匹配。Abstract: Recrystallization annealing was performed on 30 mm thick TA1 plates with electron beam welding. Metallographic examination, tensile and impact tests were performed on the welded joint in order to study the effect of recrystallization annealing process on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the joints. The results show that the formation of high hardness serrated α phase and acicular α' phase increases the yield and tensile strength of the welded joint and the joint with 900 ℃ 2 h recrystallization annealing process, but the plasticity (i.e., elongation after fracture) and toughness (i.e., impact energy) of the joint decrease significantly. The equiaxed α phase of the base metal and the approximate equiaxed α phase obtained at 700 ℃ 2 h and 800 ℃ 2 h recrystallization annealing process are conducive to improving the ductility and toughness, thus the base metal and the joint under the corresponding process have higher ductility and toughness. The strength and toughness of the joint are best matched at the 800 ℃ 2 h annealing process.
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图 2 拉伸和冲击试样取样位置示意（单位：mm)
Figure 2. Diagram of sampling positions for tensile and impact specimens
图 3 焊态及不同再结晶退火工艺下的接头微观组织
(a1)~(a3)焊态；(b1)~(b3)工艺1；(c1)～(c3)工艺2；(d1)~(d3)工艺3
Figure 3. Microstructure of joints under as-welded condition and different recrystallization annealing processes
图 5 母材及焊缝室温冲击功
Figure 5. Impact energy of base metal and welded joint at room temperature
图 6 母材及不同再结晶退火工艺下焊缝的强韧性匹配情况
Figure 6. Strength and toughness matching of the base metal and welded joints under different recrystallization annealing processes
表 1 焊接接头热处理工艺
Table 1. Heat treatment process of the welded joint
试验工艺 保温 冷却 温度/℃ 时间/h 方式 结束温度/ ℃ 母材 焊态 工艺1 700 2 随炉 100 工艺2 800 2 随炉 100 工艺3 900 2 随炉 100 
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