RH插入管粘渣层分析与粘渣机理研究

李福申; 张敏; 杨鹏; 梁小平; 白旭旭; 王雨; 王腾飞

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.04.016

RH插入管粘渣层分析与粘渣机理研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.04.016

李福申^1,,
张敏²,
杨鹏¹,
梁小平^1, ,,
白旭旭²,
王雨¹,
王腾飞¹

1.
重庆大学材料科学与工程学院, 重庆 400044
2.
攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司, 四川攀枝花 617000

详细信息

作者简介:
李福申，1999年出生，男，贵州铜仁人，博士生，从事炉外精炼及连铸保护渣方面的研究工作，E-mail：20182971@cqu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
梁小平，女，1964年出生，博士，教授，长期从事冶金新技术与工艺优化等相关研究，E-mail：xpliang@cqu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TF769.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-06
- 网络出版日期: 2025-08-31
- 刊出日期: 2025-08-31

Analysis of slag sticking layer and research on sticking mechanism of RH insertion tube

1.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
2.
Pangang Group Panzhihua Iron & Steel Research Institute Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 针对重轨钢RH精炼过程中出现的RH插入管粘渣问题，对RH插入管表面粘结物进行现场取样，分析了其化学成分及物相组成特征，结合RH插入管外层浇注料与熔渣的相互作用以及熔渣冷凝析出的热力学分析，探讨了重轨钢精炼过程中RH插入管的粘渣机理。研究表明：RH插入管表面粘结物主要由Al₂O₃、 CaO、 SiO₂和MgO等成分组成，形成的镁铝尖晶石（MgO·Al₂O₃）、镁橄榄石（2MgO·SiO₂）以及铝硅酸钙（2CaO·Al₂O₃·SiO₂）等高熔点物相是插入管粘渣的重要原因。插入管的粘渣机理可描述为：在插入管使用期间，由于温度交替变化，其表面持续发生熔渣的“粘性粘结”和“析出性粘结”使得插入管粘渣层不断增厚而难以自行脱落，导致RH插入管的严重粘渣。
- RH插入管 /
- 粘结物 /
- 粘渣机理
Abstract: In order to address the problem of slag sticking on RH insertion tube during the RH refining process of heavy rail steel, on-site sampling was carried out for the adhered substances on the surface of the RH insertion tube, and the chemical composition and phase composition characteristics were analyzed. The mechanism of slag sticking on the RH insertion tube during the refining process of heavy rail steel was explored by combining with the interaction between the outer layer castable of the RH insertion tube and the slag, as well as thermodynamic analysis of the slag condensation and precipitation. The study shows that the adhered substances on the surface of the RH insertion tube are mainly composed of Al₂O₃, CaO, SiO₂ and MgO, and the formation of high-melting-point phases such as magnesium-aluminum spinel (MgO·Al₂O₃), magnesium-olivine (2MgO·SiO₂), and calcium aluminum-silicate (2CaO·Al₂O₃·SiO₂) is an important reason for the slag adhesion on the insertion tube. The slagging mechanism of the insertion tube can be described as follows: during the use of the insertion tube, due to the alternating temperature changes, the “viscous adhesion” and “precipitation adhesion” continuously occur on the surface of the slag, which makes the insertion tube slag layer thicken and difficult to fall off by itself, leading to the severe slagging of the RH insertion tube.
- RH insertion tube /
- bonding material /
- slagging mechanism

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图 1 插入管粘结物的取样位置及试样编号示意

(a)取样位置；(b)试样编号位置

Figure 1. Sampling location and specimen numbers of the adhesives on the insertion tube

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图 2 粘结物各部分试样的XRD谱图

Figure 2. XRD patterns of each part of the adhesive samples

(a) Part-1; (b) Part-2; (c) Part-3; (d) Part-4; (e) Part-5; (f) Part-6

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图 3 微区矿相的取样位置

Figure 3. Sampling position of microfacies

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图 4 粘结物矿相组成定量分析结果

Figure 4. Results of quantitative analysis of the mineral phase composition of the binder

(a)Zone 1;(b) Zone 2;(c) Zone 3;(d) Zone 4

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图 5 粘结物SEM-EDS扫描

（a）SEM图像-EDS面扫描结果；（b）EDS线扫描结果

Figure 5. SEM-EDS scan of adhesives

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图 6 相关反应的吉布斯自由能与温度的关系

Figure 6. Gibbs free energies versus temperature for relevant reactions

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图 7 RH插入管粘渣行为与粘渣机理示意

Figure 7. Slagging behavior and slagging mechanism of the RH insertion tube

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表 1 精炼渣中主要的化学成分及其碱度

Table 1. Main chemical composition of the refining slag and its basicity

化学成分/%							碱度
CaO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	MgO	FeO	MnO	F	碱度
50～56	25～30	8～11	3～7	0.2～1.2	0.1～0.5	1.0～6.0	1.8～2.3

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表 2 粘结物的化学成分

Table 2. Chemical compositions of adhesives %

编号	CaO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	MgO	Fe₂O₃	MnO	Na₂O	P₂O₅	TiO₂	S	V₂O₅	Cr₂O₃	F
Part-1	14.93	17.85	3.76	57.31	1.02	0.10	0.27	0.29	0.19	0.84	0.01	0.09	3.34
Part-2	10.84	11.36	64.30	8.61	1.46	0.11	0.73	0.16	0.11	0.26	0.01	0.51	1.57
Part-3	11.00	10.18	68.59	5.98	0.80	0.06	0.58	0.16	0.13	0.23	0.01	0.10	2.19
Part-4	19.80	15.36	47.21	11.64	1.96	0.23	0.52	0.15	0.18	0.47	0.01	0.11	2.36
Part-5	17.88	18.79	5.69	51.69	0.85	0.11	0.27	0.25	0.20	0.80	0.00	0.02	3.44
Part-6	0.52	6.34	82.49	9.98	0.3	0.012		0.28	0.014	0.008	0.003	0.053

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表 3 图5(a)中EDS点扫描结果

Table 3. EDS points scan results in Fig.5 (a)

检测点	y/%							可能的物相
检测点	O	Al	Ca	Si	Mg	F	Na	可能的物相
A₁	63.99	36.01						Al₂O₃
A₂	61.43	38.57						Al₂O₃
A₃	69.92	30.08						Al₂O₃
B₁	67.65	32.35						Al₂O₃
B₂	66.21	19.56	3.55	1.09	9.59			MgO·Al₂O₃; 2CaO·SiO₂
B₃	70.04	8.97	9.94	3.09	4.32	2.73	0.9	MgO·Al₂O₃; 2CaO·SiO₂; xCaO·yAl₂O₃; 3CaO·2SiO₂·CaF₂
C₁	58.24	0.35	20.92	10.07	2.91	7.51		MgO·Al₂O₃; 2CaO·SiO₂; 3CaO·2SiO₂·CaF₂
C₂	61.03	17.99	16.07	4.29	0.61			MgO·Al₂O₃; 2CaO·SiO₂; xCaO·yAl₂O₃
C₃	71.19	1.03	14.24	5.86	3.61	4.07		MgO·Al₂O₃; 2CaO·SiO₂; 3CaO·2SiO₂·CaF₂

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