Multi-component leaching behavior and influence rule of calcified vanadium slag in acid leaching process
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摘要: 系统研究了钒渣MFe含量、焙烧过程钙钒比和焙烧温度、浸出pH值对V和杂质组元Mn、Fe、Cr、Mg、Ti、Si浸出行为的影响规律。研究结果表明：降低钒渣中MFe含量、钙钒比（n(CaCO3)/n(V2O3)）取1.0、焙烧温度升高至900 ℃、浸出pH设置为2.8，V浸出率可达91.68%。Mn和Mg的浸出率变化趋势相似，随MFe含量增加、钙钒比增大而降低；在焙烧温度800～950 ℃、浸出pH值 2.2～3.0的范围内，浸出率基本稳定，分别约38%和20%。Fe浸出率与MFe含量协同变化，高温焙烧和高pH值可抑制其浸出；受钙钒比影响甚微，均低于0.04%。Cr、Ti和Si浸出率均随MFe含量增加和焙烧温度升高而降低；Cr基本不随钙钒比的变化而变化，而Ti和Si随钙钒比增大呈升高趋势；浸出pH值的影响各异，Si浸出率随pH值升高而降低，而Ti反之升高，Cr浸出率稳定在0.1%左右。Abstract: The effects of MFe content in vanadium slag, Ca/V molar ratio (n(CaCO3)/n(V2O3)), roasting temperature, and leaching pH on the leaching behavior of vanadium (V) and impurities (Mn, Fe, Cr, Mg, Ti, Si) were systematically investigated. The results show that V leaching efficiency can reach 91.68% under a condition of low MFe content, a Ca/V molar ratio of 1.0, roasting temperature of 900 ℃, and leaching pH of 2.8. The leaching efficiencies of Mn and Mg exhibit a similar trend: decreasing with the increase of MFe content or Ca/V ratio; being relatively stable at approximately 38% and 20%, respectively, in the roasting temperature range of 800-950℃ and leaching pH range of 2.2-3.0. Fe leaching efficiency correlates directly with MFe content and is suppressed by high roasting temperatures and high leaching pH; it is minimally affected by the Ca/V ratio and remains below 0.04%. The leaching efficiencies of Cr, Ti, and Si all decrease with the increase of MFe content or roasting temperature; Cr leaching rate remains unaffected by the changes in the Ca/V ratio, while those of Ti and Si increase with a higher Ca/V ratio. Regarding leaching pH: Si leaching efficiency decreases with the increase of pH, and Ti leaching efficiency decreases, while Cr leaching efficiency remains stable at around 0.1%.
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Key words:
- vanadium slag /
- V leaching rate /
- impurity components /
- leaching rule
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图 2 不同MFe含量钒渣焙烧熟料微观形貌
Figure 2. Micromorphology of roasted vanadium slag with different MFe content
(a) 2.81% MFe; (b) 7.5% MFe; (c) 12.5% MFe; (d) 17.5% MFe
图 3 不同MFe含量钒渣的V浸出率变化
Figure 3. V leaching rate of vanadium slag with different MFe content
图 4 不同MFe含量钒渣杂质组元迁移转化规律
Figure 4. Migration law of impurity components in vanadium slag with different MFe content
(a) Mn; (b) Fe; (c) Cr; (d) Mg; (e) Ti; (f) Si
图 5 不同钙钒比条件下熟料XRD图谱
Figure 5. XRD pattern of roasted materials with different calcium vanadium ratio
图 6 不同钙钒比条件下V浸出率变化
Figure 6. Change of V leaching rate under different calcium vanadium ratio
图 7 不同钙钒比条件下杂质组元迁移转化规律
Figure 7. Migration law of impurity components under different calcium vanadium ratio
(a) Mn; (b) Fe; (c) Cr; (d) Mg; (e) Ti; (f) Si
图 8 不同焙烧温度条件下的熟料微观形貌
Figure 8. Microstructure of roasted materials under different calcination temperature
(a) 850 ℃; (b) 900 ℃; (c) 950 ℃
图 9 不同焙烧温度条件下V浸出率变化
Figure 9. Change of V leaching rate under different roasting temperature
图 10 不同焙烧温度条件下杂质组元迁移转化规律
Figure 10. Migration law of impurity components under different roasting temperature
(a) Mn; (b) Fe; (c) Cr; (d) Mg; (e) Ti; (f) Si
图 12 不同浸出pH条件下杂质组元迁移转化规律
Figure 12. Migration law of impurity components under different pH value
(a) Mn; (b) Fe; (c) Cr; (d) Mg; (e) Ti; (f) Si
表 1 钒渣和磁性物化学成分
Table 1. Chemical compositions of vanadium slag and magnetic material
% MFe FeO V2O3 MnO CaO TiO2 Cr2O3 SiO2 MgO Total Vanadium slag 2.81 35.19 12.46 7.71 2.13 11.1 1.53 14.22 4.72 91.87 Magnetic material 34.48 32.77 7.21 4.73 1.15 6.65 0.99 8.76 1.82 98.55 
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表 2 不同MFe含量钒渣焙烧熟料EDS点分析 (原子比)
Table 2. EDS point analysis of roasted vanadium slag with different MFe content (atomic ratio)
% Point Mg Al Si Ca Ti V Cr Mn Fe 1 2.94 0.75 1.92 10.4 0.25 18.26 0.11 6.01 1.72 2 2.5 0.82 1.45 8.44 2.52 13.64 0.12 4.6 4.81 3 1.01 0.66 2.34 11.52 1.95 18.7 0.45 5.73 8.45 4 2.56 0.64 1.44 7.93 1.63 12.08 0.26 3.85 7.61
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