热轧工艺对E级微合金角钢组织及性能的影响

李岩杰; 田秀刚; 杨洋; 李哲; 张春花; 孙巧梅; 张大征

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.06.017

热轧工艺对E级微合金角钢组织及性能的影响

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.06.017

1.
唐山钢铁集团有限公司技术中心, 河北唐山 063100
2.
辽宁科技大学, 辽宁鞍山 114051

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（52204346）。

详细信息

作者简介:
李岩杰，1986年出生，男，河北唐山人，硕士，高级工程师，长期从事钢铁材料检测与工艺研究工作，E-mail：402800923@qq.com

通讯作者:
杨洋，1989年出生，男，河北唐山人，博士，主要从事金属轧制理论与工艺方面的研究，E-mail：452975038@qq.com

中图分类号: TG142.1
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- 文章访问数: 24
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-08-07
- 录用日期: 2025-09-26
- 修回日期: 2025-09-01
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-31
- 刊出日期: 2025-12-31

The effect of hot rolling process on the microstructure and properties of grade E microalloyed angle steel

1.
Technical Center, Tangshan Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd, Tangshan 063100, Hebei, China
2.
University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China

摘要

摘要: 针对E级微合金角钢，设计了系统性、多方案的模拟试验，通过分析原奥氏体加热长大规律、形变奥氏体再结晶、组织相变、第二相粒子析出等内容，阐明了加热温度、变形温度、冷却速率工艺对组织及性能的影响。结果表明：随着加热温度升高，铸坯原奥氏体晶粒尺寸呈阶段性增长，1125～1200 ℃温度区间内长大速率相对较慢。950～850 ℃为奥氏体区，随着变形温度降低，铁素体平均晶粒尺寸由11.2 μm减小到了9.2 μm；当温度降低至800～750 ℃两相区后，组织出现混晶，部分铁素体晶粒长大至13.6 μm。当冷速为2～5 ℃/s时，可获得均匀的铁素体+珠光体组织；当冷速达到10 ℃/s时，组织呈现为团簇珠光体+网状/针状铁素体。最后，经低温生产试制，铁素体晶粒尺寸细化了约30%，低温冲击韧性提高了约20%。
- 微合金角钢 /
- 热模拟试验 /
- 原奥氏体尺寸 /
- 晶粒细化 /
- 网状铁素体 /
- 低温冲击韧性
Abstract: A systematic and multi-scheme simulation test was designed for grade E microalloyed angle steel. The effects of heating temperature, deformation temperature and cooling rate on microstructure and properties were clarified by analyzing the heating and growth law of original austenite, recrystallization of deformed austenite, phase transformation and precipitation of second phase particles. The results show that with the increase of heating temperature, the growth rate of original austenite grain size of slab depends on the heating temperature ranges, and the growth rate is relatively slow in the temperature range of 1125~1200 ℃. The austenite region is within 950~850 ℃. With the decrease of deformation temperature, the average grain size of ferrite decreases from 11.2 μm to 9.2 μm. When the deformation temperature is reduced to 800~750 ℃, the microstructure appears mixed grain, and some ferrite grains grow up to 13.6 μm. When the cooling rate is at 2~5 ℃/s, uniform ferrite+pearlite structure can be obtained. When the cooling rate reaches 10 ℃/s, the microstructure consists of cluster pearlite + reticular / acicular ferrite. Finally, the result of trial production at low temperature showed that the ferrite grain size was refined by about 30%, and the low temperature impact toughness was increased by about 20%.
- microalloyed angle steel /
- thermal simulation test /
- original austenite size /
- grain refinement /
- network ferrite /
- low temperature impact toughness

HTML全文

图 1 模拟试验示意

（a）加热试验；（b）压缩试验；（c）冷却试验；（d）热模拟试验示例

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of simulation tests

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图 2 不同加热温度下的原奥氏体晶粒

Figure 2. Original austenite grains of steel after being heated at different temperatures and water-quenched to room temperature

（a）1 100 ℃；（b）1 125 ℃；（c）1 150 ℃；（d）1 175 ℃；（e）1 200 ℃；（f）1 250 ℃

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图 3 原奥氏体晶粒长大趋势

Figure 3. Original austenite grain growth with heating temperature

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图 4 A组试样不同变形温度下的原奥氏体组织

Figure 4. The original austenite structure of group A samples after deformed at different temperatures

（a）950 ℃；（b）900 ℃；（c）850 ℃；（d）800 ℃；（e）750 ℃

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图 5 A组试样不同变形温度下的淬火金相组织

Figure 5. Quenching metallographic structure of group a samples after deformed at different temperatures

（a）950 ℃；（b）900 ℃；（c）850 ℃；（d）800 ℃；（e）750 ℃

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图 6 B组试样不同变形温度下的金相组织

（a）950 ℃；（b）900 ℃；（c）850 ℃；（d）800 ℃；（e）750 ℃；（f）晶粒尺寸对比

Figure 6. The metallographic structure of group B samples after deformed at different temperatures

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图 7 不同轧后冷却速率下的金相及扫描电镜组织

（a）2 ℃/s金相组织；（b）5 ℃/s金相组织；（c）10 ℃/金相组织；（d）2 ℃/s珠光体SEM；（e）5 ℃/s珠光体SEM；（f）10 ℃/s珠光体SEM

Figure 7. Metallographic structure of samples after hot rolling and cooled to room temperature at different cooling rates

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图 8 EBSD数据分析结果

Figure 8. EBSD data analysis results of samples after hot rolling and cooled to room temperature at different cooling rates

（a）2 ℃/s；（b）5 ℃/s；（c）10 ℃/s

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图 9 生产试制金相组织

（a）1^#钢，终轧980 ℃；（b）2^#钢，终轧950 ℃；（c）3^#钢，终轧920 ℃

Figure 9. Metallographic structure of trial production steel

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表 1 试验钢化学成分

Table 1. Chemical composition of the tested steel %

C	Si	Mn	P	S	Als	V	Nb
0.15	0.30	1.40	0.008	0.007	0.025	0.04	0.02

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表 2 不同冷却速率条件下试样的维氏硬度及强度换算结果

Table 2. Vickers hardness and strength conversion results of samples under different cooling rates

Sample No.	Cooling rate/ （℃·s⁻¹）	Vickers hardness （HV10）	Strength conversion^[29]/ MPa
（a）	2	139	446
（b）	5	150	480
（c）	10	171	548

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表 3 生产试制方案及主要工艺参数

Table 3. Production trial scheme and main process parameters

Test No.	Heating temperature/ ℃	Rough rolling temperature/ ℃	Isothermal time/s	Finishing temperature/ ℃	Rate of cooling/ (℃·s⁻¹)
1^#	1180	1100	0	980	2
2^#	1180	1100	50	950	2
3^#	1180	1100	90	920	2

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表 4 生产试制性能检测结果

Table 4. Performance test results of trial production steel

Test No.	Upper yield strength R_eH/ MPa	Tensile strength R_m/MPa	Elongation after failure A/%	Impact absorbing energy(−40 ℃) KV₂/J
1^#	421	576	33	108
2^#	422	580	32	105
3^#	449	592	34	129

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