The influence of sub-temperature heating on the quenching microstructure and mechanical properties of 22MnB5 steel
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摘要: 通过设计不同加热时间和保温时间的热处理制度，系统研究了680~930 ℃不同温度对22MnB5钢淬火组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明，在低温区(680~700 ℃)长时间受热会导致材料软化，高温区(850～930 ℃)长时间受热对力学性能提高有限；而在亚温区(720～820 ℃)长时间受热时，力学性能显著提高。尤其是在820 ℃加热20 min后淬火，抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到
1589 MPa和1078 MPa，较原始状态分别提升151.02%和132.82%。研究表明，通过优化亚温区加热制度，22MnB5钢可以在低于现有工艺温度下获得1500 MPa级别的抗拉强度，为解决现有热成形工艺问题提供了新途径。Abstract: The effect of different temperatures on the quenching microstructure and mechanical properties of 22MnB5 steel in the range of 680-930 ℃ were systematically studied by designing heat treatment processes with different heating temperatures and holding times. The results show that prolonged heating in the low-temperature zone (680-700 ℃) leads to material softening, and prolonged heating in the high-temperature zone (850-930 ℃) has limited improvement in mechanical properties. However, prolonged heating in the sub-temperature temperatures zone (720-820 ℃) results in a significant improvement in the mechanical properties. Particularly, the tensile and yield strengths reached 1 589 MPa and1078 MPa after quenching at 820 ℃ for 20 min, which were 151.02% and 132.82% higher than the initial state, respectively. The study shows that by optimizing the sub-temperature heating process, the tensile strength of 22MnB5 steel can be obtained at a level of 1500 MPa at a lower temperature than the existing processes, which provides a new approach to solving the problem in the existing hot forming technologies. -
图 3 22MnB5钢在680～930 ℃加热后保温不同时间的室温拉伸性能
(a)抗拉强度 ；(b)屈服强度 ；(c)伸长率
Figure 3. Room temperature tensile properties of 22MnB5 steel heated at 680-930 ℃ and held for different times
图 4 22MnB5钢在680～930 ℃加热后保温不同时间显微硬度
Figure 4. Micro-hardness of 22MnB5 steel after heating and holding at 680-930 ℃ for different times
图 5 22MnB5钢在不同温度加热保温5 min后水淬显微组织
（a）原始钢板；（b）680 ℃；（c）700 ℃；（d）760 ℃；（e）820 ℃；（f）850 ℃；（g）910 ℃
Figure 5. Microstructure diagram of water quenching of 22MnB5 steel after heating and holding at different temperatures for 5 min
图 6 22MnB5钢在不同温度加热后保温10 min后水淬显微组织
Figure 6. Microstructure diagram of water quenching of 22MnB5 steel after heating and holding at different temperatures for 10 min
（a）680 ℃；（b）700 ℃；（c）760 ℃；（d）820 ℃；（e）850 ℃；（f）910 ℃
图 7 22MnB5钢在不同温度加热后保温20 min后水淬显微组织
Figure 7. Microstructure diagram of water quenching of 22MnB5 steel after heating and holding at different temperatures for 20 min
（a）680 ℃；（b）700 ℃；（c）760 ℃；（d）820 ℃；（e）850 ℃；（f）910 ℃
图 8 22MnB5钢在760 ℃和820 ℃加热并保温20 min后水淬的SEM与EDS表征
（a）（d）SEM图；（b）（e）点扫描元素含量；（c）（f）面扫描元素分布
Figure 8. SEM and EDS images of water-quenched 22MnB5 steel after heating and holding at 760 °C and 820 °C for 20 min
图 9 22MnB5钢在760 ℃和820 ℃加热并保温不同时间的取向分布
(a1)～(a3)原始钢板；(b1)～(b3)760 ℃，20 min；(c1)～(c3)820 ℃，20 min
Figure 9. Orientation distribution of 22MnB5 steel heated at 760 ℃ and 820 ℃ for different holding times
表 1 原始22MnB5钢的主要化学成分
Table 1. The main chemical composition of as-received 22MnB5 steel
% C Si Mn Al Ti B V Nb Fe 0.18 0.21 1.279 0.06 0.037 0.0059 0.0015 0.0036 bal 
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表 2 原始22MnB5钢的力学性能
Table 2. Mechanical properties of as-received 22MnB5 steel
RP0.2/ MPa Rm/ MPa Elongation/% HV 463 633 33.65 182
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表 3 22MnB5钢在不同热处理下大小角度晶界占比及平均晶粒尺寸统计结果
Table 3. Statistical results of the percentage of low-angle and high-angle grain boundaries and average grain size of 22MnB5 steel under different heat treatments
加热温度/℃ 保温时间/min LAGB/% HAGB/% 平均晶粒尺寸/μm 原始钢板 8.58 91.42 0.440 760 20 57.83 42.17 0.355 820 20 59.32 40.68 0.371
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