弹簧钢55SiCrV的微合金化及热处理工艺研究

蒙坚

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2021.03.028

弹簧钢55SiCrV的微合金化及热处理工艺研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2021.03.028

蒙坚^{1, 2}

1.
柳州职业技术学院机电工程学院，广西柳州 545006
2.
柳州钢铁集团有限公司技术中心，广西柳州 545000

基金项目: 柳州钢铁公司科技计划项目(2000BPB-018-01)

详细信息

中图分类号: TF76
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-06-10

Study on microalloying and heat treatment process of spring steel 55SiCrV

Meng Jian^{1, 2}

1.
Liuzhou Vocational & Technical College, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
2.
Technology Center of Liuzhou Steel Group, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China

摘要

摘要: 在弹簧钢55SiCr成分基础上进行钒微合金化处理，获得了55SiCrV，通过淬火+回火正交试验、显微组织观察、力学性能测试和X射线衍射等手段，研究并分析了淬火+回火工艺对弹簧钢55SiCrV微观组织和力学性能的影响，结果表明：0.20%V的添加可使55SiCrV组织中存在大量弥散均匀分布的10～35 nm含钒析出相，强化效果最佳。淬火+回火处理可以改变55SiCrV的显微组织比例，其中的残余奥氏体可以降低强度和增加塑性，55SiCrV获得最佳力学性能匹配（R_m=1 815 MPa、Z=28%）的热处理工艺为900 ℃淬火+430 ℃回火，对应其残余奥氏体含量为2.3%。
- 弹簧钢 /
- 55SiCrV /
- 微合金化 /
- 淬火 /
- 回火 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: In this paper 55SiCrV steel was obtained by V microalloying based on the composition of 55SiCr spring steel, the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 55SiCrV was studied by means of orthogonal test of quenching and tempering, microstructure observation, mechanical properties test and X-ray diffraction. The experimental results show that there are a large number of 10 ~ 35 nm vanadium containing precipitates in the microstructure of 55SiCrV (0.20% V), and the corresponding strengthening effect is the best. Quenching and tempering processes can change the microstructure proportion of 55SiCrV, in which retained austenite can reduce the strength and increase the plasticity, the best matching of mechanical properties (R_m=1 815 MPa, Z=28%) of 55SiCrV is obtained by following process combination o f quenching at 900 ℃ and tempering at 430 ℃, and the content of resulted retained austenite is 2.3%.
- spring steel /
- 55SiCrV /
- microalloying /
- quenching /
- tempering /
- mechanical properties

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图 1 钒含量对55SiCrV强度的影响

Figure 1. Effect of vanadium content on 55SiCrV strength

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图 2 55SiCrV 析出相的 TEM 形貌分析及能谱

Figure 2. TEM analysis and energy spectrum of 55SiCrV precipitates

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图 3 不同热处理工艺试样的典型微观组织

Figure 3. Typical microstructure of samples with different heat treatment processes

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表 1 试样主要化学成分

Table 1. Main chemical constituents of samples %

编号	C	Si	Mn	Cr	V
1^#	0.59	1.44	0.80	0.70	0
2^#	0.56	1.42	0.75	0.69	0.06
3^#	0.56	1.38	0.76	0.70	0.11
4^#	0.56	1.44	0.78	0.71	0.16
5^#	0.56	1.40	0.73	0.69	0.19
6^#	0.56	1.40	0.74	0.70	0.25
7^#	0.56	1.41	0.76	0.71	0.29

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表 2 55SiCrV试验钢轧制工艺参数

Table 2. Rolling process parametersof tested steel 55SiCrV

加热温度/℃	开轧温度/℃	终轧温度/℃
1150±20	1050±20	950±50

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表 3 热处理工艺及试验编号

Table 3. Heat treatment processes and their test number

编号	加热温度/℃	回火工艺
编号	加热温度/℃	温度/℃	时间/min
1-1^#	850	430	30
1-2^#	850	450	30
2-1^#	900	430	30
2-2^#	900	450	30
3-1^#	950	430	30
3-2^#	950	450	30
3-3^#	950	430	60
3-4^#	950	450	60
4-1^#	1000	430	30
4-2^#	1000	450	30

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表 4 试验钢残余奥氏体含量

Table 4. Retained austenite content of tested steels

编号	加热温度/℃	回火工艺		残余奥氏体含量/%
编号	加热温度/℃	温度/℃	时间/min	残余奥氏体含量/%
1-1^#	850	430	30	3.6
1-2^#	850	450	30	3.0
2-1^#	900	430	30	2.3
2-2^#	900	450	30	4.6
3-1^#	950	430	30	4.8
3-2^#	950	450	30	5.4
3-3^#	950	430	60	5.1
3-4^#	950	450	60	5.0
4-1^#	1000	430	30	4.3
4-2^#	1000	450	30	2.9

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表 5 试验钢力学性能测试结果

Table 5. Mechanical properties of tested steels

编号	加热温度/℃	回火工艺		R_m/MPa	Z/%
编号	加热温度/℃	温度/℃	时间/min	R_m/MPa	Z/%
1-1^#	850	430	30	1 867	13
1-2^#	850	450	30	1728	17
2-1^#	900	430	30	1 815	28
2-2^#	900	450	30	1739	17
3-1^#	950	430	30	1 805	17
3-2^#	950	450	30	1695	30
3-3^#	950	430	60	1723	17
3-4^#	950	450	60	1620	24
4-1^#	1000	430	30	1694	28
4-2^#	1000	450	30	1685	29

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