Research on microstructure evolution of GH5188 alloy during plastic processing
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摘要: 利用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机对GH5188高温合金进行了热变形行为及组织传递规律研究，在等温压缩试验中，获得了变形温度在980～1230 ℃，应变速率0.01～10 s−1，变形量10%～70%范围内GH5188高温合金的应力值，探究了不同温度和应变速率条件下的应力变化规律，建立了GH5188合金的本构关系模型，提出了优化的锻造工艺参数。结果表明，变形温度越高，流变应力越低，应变速率越大，流变应力越大；合金变形量不超过70%，锻造温度不超过1230 ℃，在1080～1180 ℃温度区间进行多次镦拔时，能够实现铸态组织的破碎细化；随着变形量的增加，在保温过程中合金更容易达到完全再结晶状态，且晶粒尺寸细化，然而，在持续保温过程中，晶粒尺寸则会逐渐长大。Abstract: The Gleeble-3800 thermal simulation testing machine was used to investigate the thermal deformation behavior and structure transfer law of GH5188 superalloy. In the isothermal compression test, the relevant data of stress in the range of deformation temperature of 980～1230 ℃, strain rate of 0.01～10 s−1, and the deformation amount of 10%～70% was obtained. And the effect of different temperatures and rates on the stress of GH5188 superalloywas discussed. Furthermore, the constitutive relation model of GH5188 alloy was established, and the optimized forging process parameters were proposed. Deformation behaviors show that the flow stress decrease with the increase of deformation temperature, but increase with the increase of flow stress. Microstructural observation indicates that the as-cast structure can be broken and refined when the deformation of the alloy does not exceed 70% and the forging temperature exceed 1230 ℃. When the upsetting is performed multiple times in the temperature range of 1080～1180 ℃, it is easier for the alloy to reach a fully recrystallized state and the recrystallized grain size refines during the heat preservation process as the amount of deformation increases, while the size of recrystallized grains will grow significantly as the holding time increases.
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图 2 变形温度对应力应变曲线的影响
Figure 2. The influence of deformation temperature on stress-strain curve
图 4 不同变量之间的线性拟合
Figure 4. Linear fit plot between different variables
(a)$ \mathrm{ln}\dot{\epsilon } $-$ \mathrm{ln}\sigma $；（b）$ \mathrm{ln}\dot{\epsilon } $-$ \mathrm{\sigma } $；（c）$ \mathrm{ln}\dot{\epsilon } $-$ \mathrm{ln}\left[\mathrm{sinh}\left(\alpha \sigma \right)\right] $；（d）$ \mathrm{ln}\left[\mathrm{sinh}\left(\alpha \sigma \right)\right] $-T−1
图 5 峰值应力试验值和计算值的比较
Figure 5. Comparison of peak stress between tested and calculated values
图 6 GH5188合金不同变形条件下的显微组织
Figure 6. Microstructure of GH5188 alloy under different deformation conditions
图 7 GH5188合金单道次变形20%和40%保温不同时间的显微组织
Figure 7. Microstructure of GH5188 alloy deformed in a single pass with 20% and 40% reduction and held for different time
(a) 1 180 ℃-0.1 s−1-20%-0 s ； (b)1 180 ℃-0.1 s−1-20%-30 s ；(c)1 180 ℃-0.1 s−1-20%-60 s ； (d)1 180 ℃-0.1 s−1-20%-5 min ； (e)1 180 ℃-0.1 s−1-40%-0 s ； (f)1 180 ℃-0.1 s−1-40%-30 s ； (g)1 180 ℃-0.1 s−1-40%-60 s ； (h)1 180 ℃-0.1 s−1-40%-5 min
表 1 GH5188棒材化学成分
Table 1. Chemical composition of GH5188 superalloy bar
% C Cr Ni Co W Fe B La Mn Si P S Al Bi Pb Ti 0.078 21.023 21.447 余量 13~16 0.497 0.0029 ＜0.4 0.837 0.430 0.0070 ＜0.001 0.054 ＜0.001 ＜0.005 0.012 
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