Microstructure and properties of vanadium microalloyed cast magnesium alloy for automobile
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摘要: 为了研究钒微合金化汽车用铸造镁合金的显微组织、耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能，在铸造Mg-9Al-1Zn镁合金中添加了不同含量的合金元素钒，并进行了试验合金显微组织、力学性能、耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能的测试与对比分析。结果表明，合金元素钒可以有效细化合金内部组织，提高合金的耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能。随钒含量由0逐渐增加到0.4%时，试验合金的耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能均提高，进一步将钒含量增加到0.5%，则两种性能均开始下降。同不含钒的Mg-9Al-1Zn镁合金相比，当在Mg-9Al-1Zn镁合金中添加0.4%合金元素钒时，合金的磨损体积减小了12.7×10−3 mm3，减小幅度达29.8%；腐蚀电位正移了0.107 V，正移幅度达到12.2%；抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率分别增大58、58 MPa、3.3%，增大幅度分别为20.9%、36.0%、40.2%。Mg-9Al-1Zn-V镁合金的合金元素钒含量优选为0.4%。Abstract: In order to study the microstructure, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of vanadium microalloyed cast magnesium alloy for automobile, different contents of alloy element vanadium were added into the cast Mg-9Al-1Zn magnesium alloy, and the microstructure, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the test alloy were tested and compared. The results show that the alloy element vanadium can effectively refine the internal structure of the alloy and improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the alloy. With the gradual increase of vanadium content from 0 to 0.4%, both the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the test alloy have been improved. Further increasing vanadium content to 0.5% will reduce the wear and corrosion resistance. Compared with Mg-9Al-1Zn magnesium alloy without vanadium, when 0.4% alloy element vanadium is added to Mg-9Al-1Zn magnesium alloy, the wear volume of the alloy is reduced by 12.7×10−3 mm3 or 29.8%, and the positive shift of corrosion potential reaches by 0.107 V or 12.2%. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the alloy are increased by 58, 58 MPa and 3.3% respectively, with relative increasing amplitude of 20.9%, 36.0% and 40.2%, respectively. The alloy element vanadium content for Mg-9Al-1Zn-V magnesium alloy is preferably at 0.4%.
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Key words:
- cast magnesium alloy /
- vanadium microalloying /
- microstructure /
- wear resistance /
- corrosion resistance
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图 1 Mg-9Al-1Zn-xV（x=0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5）试验合金显微组织金相照片
(a)1#试样(x=0);(b)2#试样(x=0.1);(c)3#试样(x=0.2);(d)4#试样(x=0.3);(e)5#试样(x=0.4);(f)6#试样(x=0.5)
Figure 1. Microstructure of Mg-9Al-1Zn-xV (x=0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5) test alloys
图 2 Mg-9Al-1Zn-xV（x=0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5）试验合金显微组织SEM照片
(a) 1#试样(x=0); (b) 2#试样(x=0.1); (c)3#试样(x=0.2); (d) 4#试样(x=0.3); (e)5#试样(x=0.4); (f) 6#试样(x=0.5)
Figure 2. SEM photos of Mg-9Al-1Zn-xV (x=0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5) test alloys
图 3 Mg-9Al-1Zn-xV（x=0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5）试验合金力学性能测试结果
Figure 3. Mechanical properties of Mg-9Al-1Zn-xV（x=0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5）test alloys
表 1 Mg-9Al-1Zn-xV (x=0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5)试验合金化学成分
Table 1. Chemical compositions of Mg-9Al-1Zn-xV (x=0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5) test alloys
% 试样编号 V含量 Al Zn Mn V Fe Si 其他杂质元素 Mg 1# x=0 9.034 0.998 0.231 0 0.012 0.008 <0.100 余量 2# x=0.1 9.028 0.996 0.228 0.104 0.011 0.009 <0.100 余量 3# x=0.2 9.029 0.997 0.229 0.202 0.009 0.007 <0.100 余量 4# x=0.3 9.031 1.002 0.232 0.298 0.011 0.008 <0.100 余量 5# x=0.4 9.027 0.999 0.234 0.403 0.012 0.009 <0.100 余量 6# x=0.5 9.032 0.998 0.228 0.501 0.013 0.008 <0.100 余量 
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表 2 Mg-9Al-1Zn-xV(x=0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5) 试验合金耐磨损与耐腐蚀性能测试结果
Table 2. Wear resistance and corrosion resistance test results of Mg-9Al-1Zn-xV(x=0，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5) tested alloys
钒含量/% 磨损体积×103/mm3 腐蚀电位/V 0 42.6 −0.876 0.1 38.1 −0.828 0.2 34.7 −0.803 0.3 32.6 −0.791 0.4 29.9 −0.769 0.5 31.4 −0.814
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