Study on microstructure and wear properties of TiAl alloy deposited by laser melting
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摘要: 采用激光同轴送粉沉积制造工艺在TC4基板上分别制备了一层、三层和五层的Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金样品。利用光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）、X射线衍射（XRD）分析了沉积层的显微组织、裂纹形貌、磨损面形貌、相组成。试验结果表明，沉积一层的样品表面裂纹数量较少，沉积三层和五层的样品表面裂纹较多且裂纹数量相差不大。随着沉积层数的增加，沉积层中的显微组织结构由网篮组织向片层组织过渡，组织中相的变化是由单相α2→α2+γ双相转变。随着α2相含量的降低，耐磨性能随之降低，平均摩擦系数由0.34增加到0.55。Abstract: One-layer, three-layer and five-layer Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy samples were prepared on TC4 substrate by coaxial laser powder-feeding deposition manufacturing process. The microstructure, crack morphology, wear surface morphology and phase composition of the deposited layer were analyzed by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The test results show that the number of cracks on the surface of the sample deposited with one layer is less, and the samples deposited with three and five layers have more surface cracks and the number of cracks is not much different. As the number of sedimentary layers increases, the microstructure in the sedimentary layer transits from a basket structure to a lamellar structure, and the phase change in the structure is from a single phase α2 to α2+γ dual phase transition. As the α2 phase content decreases, the wear resistance decreases, and the average friction coefficient increases from 0.34 to 0.55.
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Key words:
- laser deposition manufacturing /
- TiAl alloy /
- microstructure /
- wear properties
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图 2 从基板到第五层沉积层线扫描结果
Figure 2. Line scanning results from the substrate to the fifth deposited layer
图 3 沉积层的外观形貌和渗透检测结果
（a）第一层外观形貌；（b）第三层外观形貌；（c）第五层外观形貌；（d）第一层渗透结果；（e）第三层渗透结果；（f）第五层渗透结果
Figure 3. Appearance and permeability test results of deposition layers
图 4 沉积层的光学组织形貌
（a）基板组织；（b）第一层组织；（c）第二层组织；（d）第三层组织；（e）第四层组织；（f）第五层组织
Figure 4. Optical Morphology of deposited layers
图 5 沉积层的裂纹形貌
（a）宏观形貌；（b）顶部；（c）中部；（d）底部
Figure 5. Crack morphology of deposition layers
图 7 不同沉积层磨损后的外观形貌
（a）基板；（b）第一层；（c）第三层；（d）第五层
Figure 7. Appearance and morphology of different deposited layers after wear
表 1 Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金粉末的化学成分
Table 1. 1 Chemical composition of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy powder
% Ti Al Cr Nb O N Bal. 32.5 2.64 4.62 0.06 0.005 
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