冶炼钒钛矿高炉操作炉型计算模拟研究

董晓森; 饶家庭; 郑魁

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2024.03.017

冶炼钒钛矿高炉操作炉型计算模拟研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2024.03.017

钒钛资源综合利用国家重点实验室, 攀钢集团研究院有限公司, 四川攀枝花 617000

详细信息

作者简介:
董晓森，1993年出生，男，河北石家庄人，硕士研究生，工程师，长期从事钢铁冶金研究工作，E-mail：xiaosendong@163.com

中图分类号: TF512
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-28
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-02

Simulation of operation inner profile of blast furnace with smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite

State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Pangang Group Research Institute Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 根据某钒钛磁铁矿冶炼高炉炉型设计参数和生产工况数据，通过MATLAB计算软件建立该高炉操作炉型计算模型，研究高炉运行中高温区域炉墙挂渣情况。计算结果表明：受高炉边缘气流控制较弱影响，高温区域炉墙的热负荷大多在12 kW/(m²·s)以下，冷却壁壁体温度接近炉壳温度，冷却壁热面的渣皮厚度普遍高于100 mm，且渣皮厚度分布不均匀，个别方向达到200 mm以上；对比普通高炉，冶炼钒钛磁铁矿高炉在同等热负荷下，高温区域挂渣能力更强，从安全性与渣皮稳定性考虑，高炉冷却壁热负荷应控制在10.50～34.50 kW/(m²·s)。
- 高炉 /
- 钒钛磁铁矿 /
- 操作炉型 /
- MATLAB软件 /
- 渣皮
Abstract: Based on the design parameters and production conditions of a vanadium-titanium magnetite smelting blast furnace, a numerical model of the vanadium-titanium blast furnace operation inner model was established through a MATLAB calculation software in order to study the slag adhering situation of the furnace wall within high temperature zone of the blast furnace operation. The predicated results show that the heat load of the furnace wall within high temperature zone is mostly below than 12 kW/(m²·s) due to the weaker airflow control at the edge of the blast furnace. The temperature on cooling staves is close to that on shell. Besides, It is higher than 100 mm, and the slag skull thickness at the hot surface on staves is generally higher than 100 mm while unevenly distributed, even reaching up to more than 200 mm at specific directions. Compared with ordinary blast furnaces, vanadium-titanium magnetite smelting blast furnaces show stronger slag adhering capacity within high-temperature zones given the same thermal load. Considering safety and slag skull stability, the heat load of vanadium-titanium blast furnace cooling staves should be controlled within 10.50～34.50 kW/ (m²·s).
- blast furnace /
- vanadium-titanium magnetite /
- operation inner profile /
- MATLAB software /
- slag skull

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图 1 模型基本结构剖面

Figure 1. The basic structure section of the model

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图 2 炉墙传热结构

Figure 2. Heat transfer structure of furnace wall

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图 3 模型求解流程

Figure 3. Model solution flow chart

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图 4 渣皮厚度与炉墙热流强度（热负荷）对应关系

Figure 4. Correspondence between thickness of slag skull and heat flow intensity (heat load) of furnace wall

(a) 钒钛高炉; (b) 普通高妒^[9]

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图 5 截面位置选取分布

Figure 5. Distribution map of cross-section location selection

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图 7 不同高度冷却壁的渣皮分布

Figure 7. The slag skin distribution of different heights of cooling stave

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图 6 操作炉型计算结果（圆周方向）

Figure 6. The slag skull distribution on cooling stave with different heights

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图 8 计算模型运行结果及设计内型

Figure 8. (a)Calculation results and (b)design profile from developed model

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图 9 不同风口垂直截面高度方向的操作炉型

Figure 9. Operating furnace types in the direction of the vertical section height of different tuyere

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图 10 不同炉况下冷却壁内热电偶温度与渣皮厚度关系

Figure 10. Relationship between temperature of the thermocouple on the cooling stave and slag skull thickness under different furnace conditions

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图 11 水温差与渣皮厚度关系

Figure 11. Relationship between water temperature difference and slag skull thickness

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图 12 冷却壁热负荷与渣皮厚度关系

Figure 12. Relationship between the thermal load of the cooling stave and slag skull thickness

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表 1 炉墙设计参数

Table 1. The design parameters of furnace wall

炉壳厚度/mm	填料层厚度/mm	冷却壁厚度/mm	冷却壁高度/mm				冷却壁总数量/块	水管尺寸/mm
炉壳厚度/mm	填料层厚度/mm	冷却壁厚度/mm	B1	B2	B3	S1	冷却壁总数量/块	水管尺寸/mm
45	40	280	1540	1400	2160	1 995	42×4	Φ45×6

肋台厚度 /mm	镶砖厚度 /mm	炉腰设计內型半径 /mm	冷却壁热面总面积/m²				炉身角/(°)	炉腹角/(°)
肋台厚度 /mm	镶砖厚度 /mm	炉腰设计內型半径 /mm	B1	B2	B3	S1	炉身角/(°)	炉腹角/(°)
80	180	5400	54.6	51.2	80.2	73	83.0513	79.765 2

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表 2 高炉B1～S1段冷却系统和炉壳实测数据

Table 2. Measured data of cooling system and furnace shell of B1～S1 section of blast furnace

水流量均值/ (t·h⁻¹)	水温差均值/ ℃	炉壳温度均值/ ℃	环境温度均值/ ℃
2.57	2.06	43.42	21.00

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表 3 模型部分计算参数

Table 3. Some calculation parameters of the model

铸铁冷却壁导热系数/[W·(m·℃)⁻¹]	镶砖导热系数/[W·(m·℃)⁻¹]	渣皮导热系数/[W·(m·℃)⁻¹]	热电偶插入深度/mm	不同温度下铁的导热系数/[W·(m·℃)⁻¹]
铸铁冷却壁导热系数/[W·(m·℃)⁻¹]	镶砖导热系数/[W·(m·℃)⁻¹]	渣皮导热系数/[W·(m·℃)⁻¹]	热电偶插入深度/mm	400 ℃	600 ℃	800 ℃	1000 ℃	1200 ℃
42.05-0.026 89t	17-0.009t	1.2	405	49.9	38.6	29.3	29.3	31.1
注：t为材料温度值， ℃。

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