Research progress and development direction of steel grade transition
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摘要: 针对高附加值钢种的需求量较小，一个浇次需要生产不只一个钢种的现状，梳理了国内企业进行的异钢种连浇工业试验，描述了水模型试验和数值模拟在异钢种连浇过程的应用，主要总结了中间包液位高度、非等温浇注、中间包内腔结构、结晶器流体域结构、连铸机拉速和电磁制动等因素对交接坯长度的影响。评价了目前主流的四种交接坯判定模型，最终提出了制定异钢种连浇过程规范和研究异钢种连浇过程新模型的思路。结果表明，异钢种连浇实现了新钢种的高效生产，降低了企业生产成本，同时将人工智能学科与冶金学科结合了起来，为异钢种连浇过程提供了一个新的发展方向。Abstract: The demand for high value-added steel grades is relatively low, and more than one steel grade needs to be produced per casting sequence. Industrial tests of the steel grade transition carried out by domestic enterprises is sorted out in this paper. The application of water model experiment and numerical simulation in the steel grade transition is described. And the influence of tundish level, non-isothermal casting, tundish furniture, mold fluid domain structure, casting speed and electromagnetic braking on the length of transition billets is mainly summarized. After evaluating the four main mathematical models for judging the steel grade transition, the idea of formulating the specification for the steel grade transition and studying the new model for the steel grade transition is finally put forward. It can be concluded that the steel grade transition realizes the efficient production of new steel grades, reduces the production cost of enterprises. combining the disciplines of artificial intelligence and metallurgy practice can provide a new development direction for metallurgical engineering.
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图 1 异钢种连浇过程数值模拟结果与水模型试验照片[15]
Figure 1. Numerical simulation results of the steel grade transition and photos of water model experiment
图 2 异钢种连浇过程中间包水模型试验装置[22]
Figure 2. Experimental device of tundish water model for the steel grade transition
图 7 交接坯实际检测成分云图[53]
Figure 7. The measured composition contours in the mixed zone for the slab caster
图 8 非等温条件下的中间包混合模型流程图及相应的中间包流场示意图[54]
Figure 8. Flowchart of tundish mixing model for non-isothermal conditions with schematically corresponding flow pattern in the tundish
图 9 连铸坯成分预测值和测量值的比较[54]
Figure 9. Comparison of predicted and measured slab composition
表 1 中国部分钢厂的异钢种连浇工业试验
Table 1. Industrial tests of steels grade transition in some steel plants in China
年份 作者 公司 铸机 钢种 参考文献 1995 陆云威 鞍山钢铁 小方坯 Q235 - 70Y [7] 2013 曹同友 武汉钢铁 板坯 SPHC - No.45 [8] 2014 王嘉祺 济南钢铁 板坯 微合金中碳钢、微合金包晶钢和微合金低碳钢 [6] 2014 干明 迁安钢铁 板坯 超低碳钢、低碳钢、包晶钢和中碳钢 [9] 2015 张川 湘潭钢铁 板坯 Q550D - Q345E和 Q345B - Q355QK [10] 2016 李东明 包头钢铁 大方坯 15MnNbV - No.20, No.20 - 13MnTi, 37Mn5 - 36Mn2VT和 10CrMoTi - 32Mn6 [11] 2018 吕志勇 鞍山钢铁 板坯 Q235B - SAE1012M和 Q235B - SAE1010 [12] 2019 隋亚飞 涟源钢铁 板坯 含镍钢 [13] 2021 杨丽梅 淮安钢铁 圆坯 20Cr - SCr15和4130X - 30CrMo [14] 
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