V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂的失活机理及预防措施进展

靳嘉浩; 蔡宗英; 梁精龙; 宋少飞; 曹卫刚

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2024.04.014

V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂催化剂的失活机理及预防措施进展

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2024.04.014

1.
华北理工大学冶金与能源学院, 河北唐山 063210
2.
赤峰山金银铅有限公司, 内蒙古赤峰 025450

基金项目: 国家自然青年科学基金(52104330)；河北省杰出青年培育基金项目(E2015209021)；唐山市科技创新团队培养计划(21130207D)。

详细信息

作者简介:
靳嘉浩，1998年出生，男，河北石家庄人，硕士研究生，研究方向为催化剂固废回收再利用，E-mail：2419337790@qq.com

通讯作者:
曹卫刚，1987年出生，男，河北邯郸人，博士，讲师，研究方向为催化剂固废回收再利用，E-mail：caoweigang@ncst.edu.cn

中图分类号: TF841.3,O643.36
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-12-01
- 刊出日期: 2024-08-30

Research progress on deactivation mechanism and preventive measures of V₂O₅-WO₃ / TiO₂ catalyst

1.
College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
2.
Chifengshan Gold Silver Lead Co., Ltd., Chifeng 025450, Inner Mongolia, China

摘要

摘要: 随着全球能源需求的增长和环保要求的提高，选择性催化还原（SCR）技术作为降低大气中氮氧化物（NO_x）排放的重要手段备受关注。然而，作为SCR核心的钒钛基V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂ SCR催化剂在长期运行中会遭遇失活问题，限制了其实际应用，故对其失活机理和预防措施展开研究意义重大。文章系统地阐述了催化剂的失活机理及其预防措施。认为催化剂的失活主要是由高温环境和烟气中的灰尘、碱(土)金属、酸性气体、重金属等通过物理或者化学作用造成的。为减缓催化剂失活，延长催化剂的使用寿命，从预除尘、催化剂改进和SCR系统优化三个方面综述了其预防措施。对催化剂的失活机理进行研究不仅能够了解失活过程的组分变化，还能为催化剂的失活预防和新型催化剂材料的研究提供依据，为延长V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂ SCR催化剂稳定工作时间和回收废SCR催化剂提供了参考。
- V₂O₅-WO₃ / TiO₂ 催化剂 /
- 结垢 /
- 磨损 /
- 中毒 /
- 烧结 /
- 失活 /
- 预防措施
Abstract: With growing global energy demand and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology has attracted considerable attention as an effective way to reduce atmospheric nitrogen oxide (NO_x) emissions. However, the vanadium-titanium-based V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂ SCR catalyst as the key role of SCR will encounter deactivation problems during long-term operation, which limits its practical application. Therefore, it is significant to study the deactivation mechanism and preventive measures. This paper systematically expounds on the deactivation mechanism of the catalyst and the preventive measures. The deactivation of the catalyst is mainly caused by the high-temperature environment and the dust, alkali (earth) metal, acid gas and heavy metal in the flue gas through physical or chemical action. In order to slow down the deactivation of the catalyst and prolong its service life, the preventive measures were reviewed from three aspects including pre-dust removal, catalyst modification and SCR system optimization. Studying the deactivation mechanism of the catalyst can not only make the component changes clear in the deactivation process, but also provide a basis for the inactivation prevention and the preparation of new catalyst materials. This article provides a reference for prolonging the working time of V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂ SCR catalyst and recovering waste SCR catalyst.
- V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂ catalyst /
- fouling /
- attrition /
- poisoning /
- sintering /
- deactivation /
- preventive measures

HTML全文

图 1 钒钛基SCR催化剂的催化机理^[5]

Figure 1. Catalytic mechanism of vanadium-titanium-based SCR catalyst^[5]

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图 2 (a) 碱金属元素替代酸性位点的H; (b) 碱金属改变SCR催化剂活性中心^[24]

Figure 2. Replacement of the H in acidic sites using alkali metal elements (a), the changes of active center of SCR catalyst using alkali metal (b)^[24]

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图 3 (a) HF对催化剂活性影响机理示意^[28]; (b) SO₂对催化剂活性影响机理示意

Figure 3. Schematic of influence mechanism of HF on catalyst activity (a)^[28]; (b) schematic of influence mechanism of SO₂ on catalyst activity

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图 4 (a) As对催化剂活性影响机理示意^[42]; (b) Pb对催化剂活性影响机理示意^[43]; (c) Se对催化剂活性影响机理示意^[9]

Figure 4. Schematic of influence mechanism of As on catalyst activity (a)^[42], schematic of influence mechanism of Pb on catalyst activity (b)^[43], schematic of influence mechanism of Se on catalyst activity (c)^[9]

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图 5 催化剂烧结失活机理示意^[45]

Figure 5. Schematic of sintering deactivation mechanism of catalyst^[45]

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