Study on the influence of Si addition on the mechanical properties of high Mn-N type TWIP stainless steels
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摘要: 利用SEM、TEM等分析手段研究了不同热处理工艺制度对1.5% Si添加后的高Mn-N TWIP不锈钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果发现，试验钢退火孪晶厚度随着固溶温度的升高而增大，在高的固溶温度下，Si添加可以提高合金的应变硬化率，拉伸变形过程中生成大量细长的形变孪晶可以有效阻碍位错滑移，提高材料强度与塑性。时效处理对拉伸性能影响较小，在700～800 ℃时效过程中生成大量晶界胞状析出物，胞状析出以短棒状Cr2N为主，在冲击载荷作用下会发生沿晶脆性断裂，冲击吸收功快速降低。Abstract: The effects of different heat treatment processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high Mn-N TWIP stainless steels with 1.5% Si addition were studied by SEM and TEM. The results showed that the annealing twin thickness of the tested steel increased with the increase in solution temperature. At high solution temperatures, Si was added to improve the strain hardening rate of the alloy. A large number of slender deformation twins were generated during tensile deformation, which can effectively prevent dislocation slip and improve materials strength and plasticity. The effect of aging treatment on the materials tensile properties was relatively small. During the aging process at 700~800 ℃, a large amount of grain boundary cellular precipitates were generated, which were mainly composed of short rod-shaped Cr2N particles. Under impacting loads, intergranular brittle fracture occurred, and the impact absorption energy decreased rapidly.
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Key words:
- TWIP stainless steel /
- Si /
- precipitated phase /
- intergranular fracture /
- impact toughness
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图 1 不同固溶温度金相形貌
(a) ～ (c) 0Si 试样分别经1 000、 1 100 ℃和 1 200 ℃固溶; (d)～(f) 1.5Si试样分别经1 000、1 100 ℃和 1 200 ℃固溶
Figure 1. Metallographic photos of samples at different solution temperatures
图 2 工程应力-应变曲线和应变硬化率-应变曲线
(a) 0Si 试样工程应力-应变曲线；(b) 1.5Si试样工程应力-应变曲线；(c) 1.5Si 试样应变硬化率-应变曲线；(d) 1.5Si试样应变硬化率-应变曲线
Figure 2. Engineering stress-strain curves and strain hardening rate strain curves
图 3 1.5Si试样拉伸变形后组织
(a)SEM组织形貌；(b)TEM组织形貌
Figure 3. Microstructures of 1.5% Si sample after tensile deformation
图 4 时效后力学性能变化规律
(a) 0Si试样拉伸性能；(b) 1.5Si试样拉伸性能；(c)冲击韧性
Figure 4. Changes in mechanical properties after aging
图 5 不同时效温度下试样冲击断口SEM表征
(a)～(c) 0Si试样经 600、700 ℃和800 ℃时效；(d)～(f) 1.5Si试样经 600、700 ℃和800 ℃时效
Figure 5. SEM photos of impact fracture surface of samples at different aging temperatures
图 6 不同时效温度SEM表征和 TEM表征
(a)～(c) 0Si试样 600 、700 ℃和800 ℃时效后SEM； (d)～(f) 1.5Si试样600、700 ℃和800 ℃时效后SEM；(g) 0Si和(h)1.5Si试样800 ℃时效后TEM
Figure 6. SEM and TEM photos of samples at different aging temperatures
表 1 试验料冶炼化学成分
Table 1. Smelting chemical compositions of the tested materials
% 试样 Cr Mn Ni Si N C Fe 0Si 18.92 25.20 3.97 0.11 0.70 0.021 Bal. 1.5Si 19.02 23.98 3.99 1.55 0.71 0.018 Bal. 
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