高钛渣沸腾氯化速度的数值模拟

曹丽; 朱奎松; 谢聪; 王军; 赵英涛; 孙常清; 程相利

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2024.05.004

高钛渣沸腾氯化速度的数值模拟

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2024.05.004

曹丽^1,,
朱奎松^{1, 2, ,},
谢聪²,
王军¹,
赵英涛¹,
孙常清¹,
程相利²

1.
钒钛资源综合利用四川省重点实验室, 四川攀枝花 617000
2.
攀枝花学院钒钛学院, 四川攀枝花 617000

基金项目: 四川省应用基础研究项目（2021YJ0548）；四川省钒钛材料工程技术研究中心开放课题(2023FTGC09)；绿色催化四川省高校重点实验室开放基金(LZJ2304)。

详细信息

作者简介:
曹丽，1990年出生，女，四川绵阳人，助教，长期从事含钒钛固废综合利用的基础研究。E-mail：1547749699@qq.com

通讯作者:
朱奎松，1988年出生，男，四川仁寿人，副教授，长期从事钒钛磁铁矿资源综合利用的基础研究。E-mail：zhukuisong@126.com

中图分类号: TF823,TP391.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-26
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-30
- 刊出日期: 2024-10-30

Numerical simulation of fluidized chlorination velocity of high titanium slag

1.
Vanadium and Titanium Resource Comprehensive Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
2.
College of Vanadium and Titanium, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 基于高钛渣和氯气物性参数，采用经典初始流化速度公式计算了高钛渣沸腾氯化的初始流化速度，并结合欧拉双流体模型建立了高钛渣沸腾氯化气固两相流的数学模型并开展数值计算，最后以数值模拟结果为依据对高钛渣沸腾氯化表观操作气速进行了预测。研究结果表明：以欧拉双流体模型结合Grace公式得到初始流化速度能够准确模拟出高钛渣氯化过程的气固两相流特征；依据沸腾氯化床层中高钛渣颗粒体积分数、床层截面速度和压力分布规律，确定高钛渣沸腾氯化的最佳表观操作气速为Grace计算公式得到的初始流化速度值的1.5倍。
- 高钛渣 /
- 沸腾氯化 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 表观操作气速 /
- 气固两相流
Abstract: Based on the physical parameters of high titanium slag and chlorine gas, the initial fluidization velocity of fluidized chlorination of high titanium slag was calculated by using the classical initial fluidization velocity formula. And the mathematical model of gas-solid two-phase flow of fluidized chlorination of high titanium slag was established by combining Euler two-fluid model. Finally, based on the numerical simulation results, the superficial gas velocity of fluidized chlorination of high titanium slag was predicted. The results show that the initial fluidization velocity obtained by Euler two-fluid model combined with Grace formula can accurately simulate the gas-solid two-phase flow characteristics of high titanium slag chlorination process. According to the volume fraction of high titanium slag particles in the fluidized chlorination bed, the velocity and pressure distribution of the cross section of the bed, the optimal superficial gas velocity for the fluidized chlorination of high titanium slag was determined to be 1.5 times the initial fluidization velocity obtained by Grace’s calculation formula.
- high-titanium slag /
- fluidized bed chlorination /
- numerical simulation /
- superficial gas velocity /
- gas-solid two-phase flow

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图 1 几何模型

Figure 1. Geometric model

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图 2 不同初始流化速度下高钛渣颗粒体积分数云图

（a-1）～（a-6）：初始流化速度为0.288 m/s (Ergun公式)；（b-1）～（b-6）：初始流化速度为0.319 m/s (Wen-Yu公式)；（c-1）～（c-6）：初始流化速度为0.425 m/s (Grace公式)

Figure 2. Particle volume fraction of high-titanium slag under different initial fluidization velocities

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图 3 不同修正系数下固体颗粒体积分数云图

（a-1）～（a-6）: 1.1倍初始流化速度(0.4675 m/s)；（b-1）～（b-6）: 1.2倍初始流化速度(0.51 m/s)；（c-1）～（c-6）: 1.3倍初始流化速度(0.5525 m/s)；（d-1)～（d-6）: 1.4倍初始流化速度(0.595 m/s)；（e-1）～（e-6）: 1.5倍初始流化速度(0.6375 m/s)；（f-1）～（f-6）: 1.1倍初始流化速度(0.68 m/s)

Figure 3. Volume fraction of solid particles under different correction coefficients

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图 4 不同表观操作气速下，高钛渣体积分数和不同截面处速度和压力的关系

(a)表观操作气速为0.6375 m/s，沸腾氯化时间为1.7 s时的高钛渣体积分数云图；(b)图(a)中Y=0.1 m 和Y=0.3 m处高钛渣颗粒速度；(c)图（a）中Y=0.1 m 和Y=0.3 m处床层截面静压；(d) 表观操作气速为0.68 m/s，沸腾氯化时间为1.7 s时的高钛渣体积分数云图；(e)图(d)中Y=0.1 m 和Y=0.3 m处高钛渣颗粒速度；(f) 图(d)中Y=0.1 m 和Y=0.3 m处床层截面静压　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Figure 4. Relationship between the volume fraction of high titanium slag and the velocity and pressure at different sections under different apparent operating gas velocities

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表 1 边界条件和模拟参数

Table 1. Boundary conditions and simulation model parameters

钛渣密度/(kg·m⁻³)	钛渣直径/m	初始体积分数	氯气密度/(kg·m⁻³)	初始静床高/m	床层空隙率	曳力模型
3810	5×10⁻⁴	0.7	2.95	0.24	0.61	Gidaspow

湍流模型	求解算法	内摩擦角/(°)	时间步长	时间步数	收敛标准	网格数目
RNG-k-ε	Simple	30	10⁻⁴	30 000	0.0001	10 000

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表 2 不同经验公式计算的高钛渣初始流化速度

Table 2. Initial fluidization velocity of high titanium slag calculated by different empirical formulas m/s

经验计算公式	Grace公式	Wen-Yu 公式	Ergun公式
计算值	0.425	0.319	0.288

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表 3 不同表观操作气速床层不同截面静压力分布和速度分布的期望与方差

Table 3. The expectation and variance of static pressure distribution and velocity distribution in different sections of different superficial gas velocity

表观操作气速/（m∙s^-1）	床层位置/m	静压力分布		速度分布
表观操作气速/（m∙s^-1）	床层位置/m	期望(E)	方差(D)	期望(E)	方差(D)
0.6375	Y=0.1	−1812.65	41.52	0.97	0.60
0.6375	Y=0.3	−4858.61	130.31	1.11	0.56
0.68	Y=0.1	−1555.53	115.92	0.96	0.76
0.68	Y=0.3	−4445.26	78.13	1.01	0.60

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