Effect of annealing process on microstructure and properties of 2Cr12Ni4Mo3VNbN blade steel
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摘要: 针对2Cr12Ni4Mo3VNbN工业棒材退火硬度偏高问题，系统研究了不同退火工艺对2Cr12Ni4Mo3VNbN叶片钢组织和硬度的影响。结果表明：相较于两相区加热退火和不完全退火的一段式退火，完全退火具有更好的退火效果，退火后硬度最低，且炉冷可使硬度进一步降低。采用两段式退火和三段式退火可改善组织均匀性，显著降低硬度，而三段式退火工艺优于一段式退火和两段式退火工艺。Abstract: In order to solve the problem of high annealing hardness of 2Cr12Ni4Mo3VNbN industrial bar, the effects of different annealing processes on the microstructure and hardness of 2Cr12Ni4Mo3VNbN blade steel were systematically studied. The results show that compared with two-phase zone heating annealing and incomplete annealing, complete annealing has better annealing effect, the hardness is the lowest after annealing, and the hardness can be further reduced by furnace cooling. The two-stage annealing and three-stage annealing can improve structure uniformity and significantly reduce the hardness. The multi-stage annealing process is better than the one-stage annealing and two-stage annealing with regards to hardness reduction through annealing.
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Key words:
- blade steel /
- annealing temperature /
- annealing time /
- multi-stage annealing
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图 2 不同退火工艺下的显微组织
(a) 再结晶退火(680 ℃×4 h) ; (b) 完全退火 (930 ℃×4 h)
Figure 2. Microstructures of samples obtained under different annealing processes
图 3 770 ℃下退火时间对硬度的影响
Figure 3. Effect of annealing time on hardness when annealed at 770 ℃
图 4 不同退火时间下样品的组织形貌
Figure 4. The microstructure of the samples obtained after annealing with different holding time
(a) 770 ℃×4 h； (a) 770 ℃×50 h
图 5 不同退火态组织形貌及析出相能谱
(a) 再结晶退火； (b) 完全退火；(c) 三段式退火； (d) 完全退火析出相能谱
Figure 5. Microstructure morphology and precipitated phase energy spectrum of samples obtained from different annealed states
图 6 不同退火工艺的XRD谱
Figure 6. XRD patterns of samples obtained under different annealing processes
图 7 不同退火工艺的EBSD谱
(a) 再结晶退火；(b) 完全退火；(c) 三段式退火；(d) 长时退火
Figure 7. EBSD patterns of samples obtained under different annealing processes
表 1 试验料的主要化学成分
Table 1. Main chemical composition of test materials
% C Cr Ni Mo V Nb N 0.2 12 4 3 0.25 0.15 0.06 
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表 2 一段式退火工艺试验方案
Table 2. One-stage annealing practice of samples
试验方案 退火温度/℃ 退火时间/h 冷却方式 试验目的 1 770 4，12，24，30，40，50 FC 退火时间对
组织的影响2 680，770，930 4 AC 退火温度对
组织的影响
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表 3 不同退火温度下的硬度值
Table 3. Hardness values of samples after being annealed at different temperatures
温度/ ℃ 退火时间/h 布氏硬度 680 4 347 770 4 346 930 4 442
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表 4 五种不同退火工艺样品性能
Table 4. Microstructure and hardness samples after being annealed with different annealing processes
序号 状态 工艺 组织 布氏硬度 1 退火前 墩拔态 马奥双相组织 523.2 2 完全退火 完全退火 板条马氏体组织 401.1 3 再结晶退火 再结晶退火 片层贝氏体组织 330.2 4 二段式退火 完全退火+再结晶退火 片层贝氏体组织 308.2 5 三段式退火 完全退火+再结晶退火+再结晶退火 片层贝氏体组织 274.5
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