Creep damage evaluation and remaining life prediction method for 12Cr1MoV steel based on high-temperature pneumatic bulging test
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摘要: 针对现役电站主蒸汽管道12Cr1MoV钢在长期服役过程中的蠕变损伤评估难题，提出了一种基于微试样高温气压鼓胀试验的蠕变损伤评价与剩余寿命预测方法。通过开展不同应力水平下的蠕变中断试验获取不同损伤状态的试样，利用微试样高温气压鼓胀技术测试材料的剩余力学性能。基于获得的力学性能构建了蠕变损伤评价参量，并将其作为内变量耦合至Larson-Miller参数模型中，进一步建立了剩余蠕变寿命预测模型。试验结果表明，该方法能够有效表征材料的蠕变损伤程度，模型预测的剩余寿命与试验结果吻合良好，预测结果均在1.5倍分散带以内。Abstract: Aiming at the problem of creep damage assessment for 12Cr1MoV steel used in the main steam pipeline of in-service power plants during long-term operation, a creep damage evaluation and remaining life prediction method based on micro-specimen high-temperature pneumatic bulging test is proposed. Creep interruption tests under different stress levels were carried out to obtain specimens with different damage states, and the residual mechanical properties of the material were tested by high-temperature pneumatic bulging technology via micro-specimens. Based on the obtained mechanical properties, creep damage evaluation parameters were constructed and coupled as internal variables to the Larson-Miller parameter model, and a prediction model for residual creep life was further established. The test results show that this method can effectively characterize the creep damage degree of the material, and the predicted residual life by the model is in good agreement with the tested results, with all predicted results within 1.5 times scatter band.
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图 1 12Cr1MoV钢原始材料金相组织
Figure 1. The optical microstructure of the as-received 12Cr1MoV steel
图 3 气压鼓胀试验试样尺寸及加载示意 (单位：mm)
（a）试样尺寸; （b）加载示意注：δi为气压鼓胀过程中试样的实时厚度；hi为气压鼓胀过程中拱顶实时位移。
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of specimen dimensions and loading for the pneumatic bulging test (units: mm)
图 4 不同蠕变损伤程度下12Cr1MoV钢的高温气压鼓胀压力-拱顶位移曲线
（a）190 MPa; （b）210 MPa
Figure 4. Pressure - crown displacement curves of 12Cr1MoV steel by high-temperature pneumatic bulging test under different creep damages
图 5 双切线方法确定极限载荷示意
Figure 5. Schematic diagram of determining the ultimate loading by the double tangent method
图 6 不同蠕变损伤程度下12Cr1MoV钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度
（a）190 MPa; （b）210 MPa
Figure 6. The yield strength and tensile strength of 12Cr1MoV steel under different creep damages
图 7 550 ℃ 190 MPa不同蠕变时间下的12Cr1MoV钢TEM微观特征
（a）新材料; （b）5%tr; （c）10%tr; （d）40%tr; （e）80%tr;（f）100%tr
Figure 7. TEM microstructure characteristics of 12Cr1MoV steel at 550 ℃ and 190 MPa under different creep times
图 8 550 ℃ 210 MPa不同蠕变时间下的12Cr1MoV钢TEM微观特征
（a）新材料; （b）5%tr; （c）10%tr; （d）40%tr; （e）80%tr; （f）100%tr
Figure 8. TEM microstructure characteristics of 12Cr1MoV steel at 550 ℃ and 210 MPa under different creep times
图 9 基于拉伸强度的损伤指标D与蠕变时间对比
Figure 9. Comparison of damage value D based on tensile strength with creep time
（a）基于Rp0.2 ;（b）基于Rm
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