Study on regulation of carbide precipitation behavior in GH4141 superalloy
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摘要: 探讨了固溶温度（
1080 ～1190 ℃）、时效温度（850～950 ℃）、时效时间（20～60 min）对GH4141高温合金碳化物析出行为影响及晶界析出特征的调控。研究结果表明，固溶温度是影响碳化物析出位置的关键因素。1120 ℃固溶处理能有效促进合金元素的晶界偏析，诱导MC和M6C碳化物沿晶界连续析出。与之相反，1190 ℃固溶使碳化物在晶内、晶界弥散分布。在时效过程中，900 ℃时效有利于形成稳定的碳化物沿晶界析出特征，900 ℃时效超过40 min则会诱发Mo、Cr元素的协同偏聚及粗大MC碳化物析出。结合析出特征分析及力学性能测试，最终确定1120 ℃固溶（0.5 h）结合900 ℃时效（1 h）为优化热处理工艺，该工艺能实现对MC与M6C碳化物沿晶界的析出调控，且适用于较宽范围晶粒度的合金，并可赋予合金高强度，为高性能GH4141高温合金的制造提供了重要的理论依据。-
关键词:
- GH4141高温合金 /
- 碳化物 /
- 热加工 /
- 微观组织 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: In this study the effects of heat treatment parameters including solution treatment temperatures (1 080-1 190℃), aging temperatures (850-950℃), and aging durations (20-60 min) on the carbide precipitation behavior and the regulation of grain boundary precipitation characteristics in GH4141 superalloy had been investigated. The results indicate that solution temperature is the key factor influencing the carbide precipitation location. Solution treatment at 1 120 ℃ effectively promotes grain boundary segregation of alloy elements, inducing continuous precipitation of MC and M6C carbides along grain boundaries. In contrast, solution treatment at 1 190 ℃ results in dispersed distribution of carbides within grains and at grain boundaries. During the aging process, aging at 900 ℃ facilitates the formation of stable carbide precipitation characteristics along grain boundaries; however, aging at 900 ℃ for more than 40 min induces synergistic segregation of Mo and Cr elements and the precipitation of coarse MC carbides. By combining the results from precipitation characteristic analysis and mechanical property testing, it is found out that the optimal heat treatment process is determined to be 1 120 ℃ solution (0.5 h) combined with 900 ℃ aging (1 h). This process enables tailoring of MC and M6C carbides along grain boundaries, it is suitable for alloys with a wide range of grain sizes, and achieves the high strength, providing an important theoretical basis for the manufacturing of high-performance GH4141 superalloy.-
Key words:
- GH4141 superalloy /
- carbide precipitation /
- hot working /
- microstructure /
- mechanical properties
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图 2 不同温度固溶处理后碳化物形貌及空间分布SEM图
Figure 2. SEM images of carbide morphology and spatial distribution after solution treatment at different temperatures
(a)(d) 1080 ℃; (b)(e) 1120 ℃; (c)(f) 1190 ℃
图 3 不同温度时效处理后碳化物形貌及空间分布SEM图
Figure 3. SEM images of carbide morphology and spatial distribution after aging treatment at different temperatures
(a)(b) 850 ℃; (c)(d) 950 ℃
图 4 900 ℃下不同时间时效处理后碳化物形貌及空间分布SEM图
Figure 4. SEM images of carbide morphology and spatial distribution after aging treatment at 900 ℃ for different time
(a)(b) 20 min; (c)(d) 40 min
图 5 GH4141不同变形量的金相图
Figure 5. Metallograph of GH4141 with different deformation amounts
(a)(d) ε = 0.2; (b)(e) ε = 0.4; (c)(f) ε = 0.8
图 6 不同应变量GH4141中碳化物的形貌及空间分布特征
Figure 6. Morphology and spatial distribution characteristics of carbides in GH4141 with different deformation amounts
(a) ε = 0.2; (b) ε = 0.4; (c) ε = 0.8
图 7 不同温度固溶处理后GH4141合金的力学性能
室温下：(a)应力-应变曲线, (b)固溶温度对压缩性能的影响;高温下：(c) 应力-应变曲线, (d)固溶温度对拉伸性能的影响
Figure 7. Mechanical properties of GH4141 alloy after solution treatment at different temperatures
表 1 GH4141高温合金化学成分
Table 1. Chemical composition of GH4141 superalloy
% Cr Co Mo Ti Al C B Si Mn Ni 19.45 11.36 10.4 3.1 1.41 0.09 0.007 <0.01 <0.01 Bal. 
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表 2 不同温度固溶处理后两种碳化物的析出特征
Table 2. Precipitation characteristics of two types of carbides after solution treatment at different temperatures
Solution temperature/℃ MC M6C Content/% Location characteristics Average size/μm Content/% Location characteristics Size distribution
range/μm1080 2.422 Grain boundary、grain interior 4.951 0.939 Grain boundary 0.092～0.314 1120 3.145 Grain boundary 4.857 1.554 Grain boundary 0.104～0.298 1190 1.408 Grain boundary、grain interior 4.972 1.080 Grain boundary、grain interior 0.084～0.335
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表 3 不同温度时效处理后两种碳化物的析出特征
Table 3. Precipitation characteristics of two types of carbides after aging treatment at different temperatures
Aging temperature/℃ MC M6C Content/% Location characteristics Average size/μm Content/% Location characteristics Size distribution range/μm 850 0.567 Grain boundary 4.562 0.803 Grain boundary 0.037～0.235 900 3.145 Grain boundary 4.857 1.554 Grain boundary 0.104～0.298 950 0.265 Grain boundary、grain interior 4.474 1.157 Grain boundary、grain interior 0.086～0.274
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表 4 不同时间时效处理后两种碳化物的析出特征
Table 4. The precipitation characteristics of two types of carbides after aging treatment at different times
Aging
time/minMC M6C Content/% Average size/μm Content/% Size distribution
range/μm20 2.202 4.374 0.961 0.081～0.264 40 2.891 4.562 1.389 0.097～0.311 60 3.145 4.857 1.554 0.104～0.298
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