杂质离子对提钒转炉污泥浸出液中镓萃取过程界面乳化的影响机制

秦治峰; 姜洋; 杜明; 杨珍; 刘娟

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2026.04.021

杂质离子对提钒转炉污泥浸出液中镓萃取过程界面乳化的影响机制

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2026.04.021

秦治峰^{1, 2, 3, 4,},
姜洋^{2, 3, 4, ,},
杜明¹,
杨珍^{2, 3, 4},
刘娟^{2, 3, 4}

1.
天府金江实验室，四川攀枝花 617000
2.
钒钛资源高质化利用四川省重点实验室，四川攀枝花 617000
3.
攀钢集团研究院有限公司，四川成都 610000
4.
成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司，四川成都 610300

详细信息

作者简介:
秦治峰，1995年出生，男，河南焦作人，博士，主要研究方向为固废资源化利用，E-mail：qzfscu@126.com

通讯作者:
姜洋，1989年出生，女，辽宁大连人，博士，主要研究方向为固废资源化利用，E-mail：jiangyang731@hotmail.com

中图分类号: X757
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-01-19
- 录用日期: 2026-04-01
- 修回日期: 2026-03-27
- 刊出日期: 2026-08-31

Influence mechanism of impurity ions on interfacial emulsification during gallium extraction from vanadium extraction converter sludge leaching solution

QIN Zhifeng^{1, 2, 3, 4
,},
JIANG Yang^{2, 3, 4
, ,},
DU Ming¹,
YANG Zhen^{2, 3, 4},
LIU Juan^{2, 3, 4}

1.
Tianfu Jinjiang Laboratory, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
2.
Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for High-Value Utilization of Vanadium and Titanium Resources, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
3.
Pangang Group Research Institute Co., Ltd.,Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
4.
Chengdu Advanced Metal Materials Industrial Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610300, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 针对溶剂萃取镓过程中的界面乳化问题，系统研究了Fe³⁺、Si⁴⁺、Al³⁺等杂质离子的影响机制。结合因素试验与FT-IR、SEM/EDS等表征，发现Fe³⁺因共萃取进入有机相引发分相，而Si⁴⁺水解产物SiO₂在界面形成稳定的三维网状结构，是乳化的关键因素。基于Pickering乳液理论，计算表明SiO₂微粒在油-水界面具有最高的附着能，界面稳定能力最强。研究为防控镓萃取乳化提供了理论依据与技术支撑。
- 提钒转炉污泥 /
- 镓 /
- 溶剂萃取 /
- 乳化
Abstract: This study systematically investigates the influence mechanisms of impurity ions such as Fe³⁺, Si⁴⁺ and Al³⁺ on interfacial emulsification in the solvent extraction of gallium. Through factorial experiments combined with characterization techniques such as FT-IR and SEM-EDS, it was found that Fe³⁺ induces phase separation due to co-extraction into the organic phase, while Si⁴⁺ hydrolysis products, specifically SiO₂, form a stable three-dimensional network structure at the interface, which is identified as a key factor for emulsification. Based on Pickering emulsion theory, calculations reveal that SiO₂ particles exhibit the highest adhesion energy at the oil-water interface, demonstrating the strongest interfacial stabilization capability. This research provides theoretical insights and technical support for preventing and controlling emulsification during gallium extraction.
- vanadium extraction converter sludge /
- gallium /
- solvent extraction /
- emulsification

HTML全文

图 1 乳化物的宏观和微观形貌以及EDS能谱分析

（a）乳化物实物照片;（b）乳化物粉末 SEM 形貌及 EDS 分析选区;（c）图 (b) 中S1 区域的 EDS 能谱图;（d）图 (b) 中S2 区域的 EDS 能谱

Figure 1. Macro- and micro-morphology of the emulsion, along with EDS spectra analysis

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 乳化物的XRD分析

Figure 2. XRD pattern of the emulsion

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图 3 不同pH下金属杂质离子的赋存状态

(a) Fe³⁺; (b) Si⁴⁺; (c) Al³⁺

Figure 3. Occurrence states of metal impurity ions under different pH

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 Fe³⁺对TBP萃取Ga³⁺乳化率的影响

(a) TBP浓度；(b) 水相与油相的比例

Figure 4. Effect of Fe³⁺ on the emulsion rate of Ga³⁺ extraction by TBP

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 Si⁴⁺对TBP萃取Ga³⁺乳化率的影响

(a) TBP浓度；(b) 水相与油相的比例

Figure 5. Effect of Si⁴⁺ on the emulsion rate of Ga³⁺ extraction by TBP

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 Al³⁺对TBP萃取Ga³⁺乳化率的影响

(a) TBP浓度；(b) 水相与油相的比例

Figure 6. Effect of Al³⁺ on the emulsion rate of Ga³⁺ extraction by TBP

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图 7 Al³⁺和Si⁴⁺同时存在对TBP萃取Ga³⁺乳化率的影响

Figure 7. Effect of coexistence of Al³⁺ and Si⁴⁺ on emulsion rate in TBP extraction of Ga³⁺

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 TBP 萃取各金属离子前后有机相 FT-IR 谱图

（a）Fe³⁺；(b) Si⁴⁺；(c) Al³⁺

Figure 8. FT-IR spectra of organic phases before and after metal ion extraction by TBP

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 乳化物打点成分分析

Table 1. Compositions analysis results of the emulsion by spot testing

Labels C O Al Si P Cl Fe Ga Sn Au

S1 20.97 21.54 1.22 2.20 4.40 0.64 7.78 1.12 36.62 3.51
S2 21.63 27.91 0.66 3.45 5.23 0.74 5.13 0.72 31.03 3.49

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