电冲击处理对钛合金残余应力及疲劳性能的影响

宋正杰; 郭帅; 张剑; 王丰; 钱东升; 李阔; 赵龙哲

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2026.02.001

电冲击处理对钛合金残余应力及疲劳性能的影响

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2026.02.001

宋正杰^{1, 2,},
郭帅³,
张剑³,
王丰^{1, 2},
钱东升^{1, 2, ,},
李阔⁴,
赵龙哲⁴

1.
武汉理工大学高温轻合金及应用技术全国重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430070
2.
武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 湖北武汉 430070
3.
中浙高铁轴承有限公司, 浙江衢州 324400
4.
中国科学院金属研究所, 辽宁沈阳 110016

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划 (2024YFB3714200)；国家自然科学基金 (52305414)。

详细信息

作者简介:
宋正杰，2001年出生，男，江西吉安人，硕士研究生，主要从事电冲击处理强化钛合金材料方面的研究，E-mail：songzj@whut.edu.cn

通讯作者:
钱东升，1982年出生，男，湖北武汉人，博士，教授，主要从事环类构件高性能成形制造研究，E-mail：qiands@whut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TF823,TG146
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- 文章访问数: 7
- HTML全文浏览量: 3
- PDF下载量: 2
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-02-14
- 录用日期: 2026-03-23
- 修回日期: 2026-03-05
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-20
- 刊出日期: 2026-04-20

Effects of electroshocking treatment on residual stress and fatigue properties of titanium alloys

SONG Zhengjie^{1, 2
,},
GUO Shuai³,
ZHANG Jian³,
WANG Feng^{1, 2},
QIAN Dongsheng^{1, 2
, ,},
LI Kuo⁴,
ZHAO Longzhe⁴

1.
State Key Laboratory of Light Superalloys, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
2.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
3.
Zhongzhe High Speed Railway Bearing Co., Ltd., Quzhou 324400, Zhejiang, China
4.
Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China

摘要

摘要: 调控金属材料残余应力，改善应力分布是提升疲劳性能的关键。研究提出利用电冲击处理（EST）对TC11钛合金残余应力及振动疲劳性能进行调控。结果表明，电冲击在不明显改变物相结构的前提下显著均匀化表面和梯度的宏观残余应力。XRD和EBSD结果表明电冲击处理后位错密度降低9.68%，KAM值标准差降低20%，微观应变减小且应力集中区域明显减少。振动疲劳结果表明，试样平均疲劳寿命从4.55×10⁵次提升至3.60×10⁶次。进一步利用HRTEM分析，电冲击产生的能量可驱动应力集中区原子重排，降低位错密度并缓解晶格畸变。总体而言，电冲击为TC11钛合金应力调控与疲劳性能强化提供了高效新策略。
- 电冲击处理 /
- 宏观残余应力 /
- 微观残余应力 /
- 振动疲劳
Abstract: Regulating residual stress and optimizing stress distribution in metallic materials is crucial for enhancing fatigue performance. This study systematically investigates the effects of electroshocking treatment (EST) on the residual stress regulation and vibration fatigue properties of TC11 titanium alloy. The results demonstrate that EST significantly homogenizes the surface and gradient macroscopic residual stress without significantly altering the phase structure. XRD and EBSD analyses reveal that after EST, the dislocation density is reduced by 9.68%, the standard deviation of the KAM value is decreased by 20%, the microstrain is effectively mitigated, and the stress concentration zones are substantially eliminated. Vibration fatigue tests confirm that the average fatigue life of the specimens is remarkably improved from 4.55×10⁵ cycles to 3.60×10⁶ cycles. Further HRTEM analysis verifies that the energy generated by EST can drive atomic rearrangement in stress concentration regions, thereby reducing dislocation density and alleviating lattice distortion. In summary, EST provides an efficient and novel strategy for precise residual stress regulation and fatigue performance enhancement of TC11 titanium alloy.
- electroshocking treatment /
- macroscopic residual stress /
- microscopic residual stress /
- vibration fatigue

HTML全文

图 1 电冲击设备和脉冲电流波形示意

(a)电冲击设备；(b)脉冲电流波形

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of EST device and pulsed current waveform

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 振动疲劳叶片尺寸示意（单位：mm）

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of vibration fatigue blade dimensions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 试样组织形貌

(a)原始试样；(b)电冲击处理试样

Figure 3. Microstructure morphology of the sample

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图 4 试样电冲击前后的残余应力分布

(a)X方向残余应力；(b)Y方向残余应力

Figure 4. Residual stress distribution of samples before and after EST

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 试样电冲击前后的梯度应力分布

Figure 5. Gradient stress distribution of samples before and after EST

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图 6 试样电冲击前后的XRD图谱、FWHM、位错密度和微观应变

(a)XRD图谱及局部放大；(b)各衍射峰对应的FWHM；(c)位错密度和微观应变

Figure 6. XRD patterns, FWHM, dislocation density and microstrain of samples before and after EST

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 试样电冲击前后的KAM云图和频率分布

(a)(c)原始试样KAM云图和频率分布；(b)(d)电冲击处理试样KAM云图和频率分布

Figure 7. KAM contours and frequency distribution of samples before and after EST

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 试样电冲击前后的疲劳性能

Figure 8. Fatigue properties of samples before and after EST

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图 9 电冲击前后试样的HRTEM，IFFT和GPA图

(a)～(c)原始试样；(d)～(e)电冲击处理试样; (a)(d) HRTEM; (b)(e)IFFT; (c)(f)GPA

Figure 9. HRTEM, IFFT, and GPA images of the sample before and after electrical shock

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表 1 TC11钛合金的化学成分

Table 1. Chemical composition of TC11 titanium alloy %

Ti Al Mo Zr Si Fe C N H O

Bal. 6.4 3.3 1.4 0.28 ≤0.25 ≤0.08 ≤0.08 ≤0.08 ≤0.08

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