Distribution of inclusions with different compositions in the unsteady ladel exchange slabs of automotive outer panel
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摘要: 对汽车外板IF钢A、B两个炉次31 m长的非稳态换包坯中的显微夹杂物和大型夹杂物进行了统计分析，并采用了FactSage8.1对连铸坯凝固过程的夹杂物析出进行了热力学计算。分析结果显示，5 μm以上主要的显微夹杂物分别为Al2O3夹杂、TiN夹杂和Al2O3+TiN复合夹杂。通过大样电解法提取的换包坯中大于30 μm的典型大型夹杂物主要有100～200 μm的块状和团簇状Al2O3夹杂，约800 μm的不规则块状保护渣夹杂，100～300 μm的SiO2+Al2O3夹杂，直径为30～100 μm球状钙铝酸盐夹杂。在B炉次开浇前3 m和开浇后14 m交接坯中，四种大型夹杂物含量显著上升，并且更大尺寸范围的夹杂物含量增加更为显著。其中交接坯中的SiO2+Al2O3夹杂、Al2O3夹杂、保护渣夹杂和CaO+Al2O3夹杂的平均含量分别是正常坯中的13、3、3.5倍和7倍。Abstract: In the present work, a statistical analysis of micro-inclusions and large-size inclusions was conducted in 31-meter-long unsteady ladel exchange slabs of two heats (A and B) of IF steel for automotive outer panels, combined with thermodynamic calculation of inclusion precipitation during the solidification process of continuous casting slabs using FactSage 8.1. Analytical results demonstrate that the main micro-inclusions larger than 5 μm are identified as Al2O3 inclusions, TiN inclusions and Al2O3+TiN composite inclusions, respectively. Typical large-size inclusions above 30 μm extracted in the ladel exchange slabs extracted by the large-sample electrolysis mainly include blocky and clustered Al2O3 inclusions of 100-200 μm, entrapped irregular mold flux particles of approximately 800 μm, SiO2+Al2O3 inclusions with the sizes of 100-300 μm, and spherical calcium aluminate inclusions with the sizes of 30-100 μm. During the pouring of B furnace, there is a significant increase in the contents of four types of large inclusions in the transition slabs at 3 m before and 14 m after the start of pouring, and the contents of inclusions in larger size ranges increase more significantly. The average contents of SiO2+Al2O3 inclusions, Al2O3 inclusions, entrapped mold flux and CaO+Al2O3 inclusions in the transition slabs are 13, 3, 3.5 and 7 times those in the normal slabs, respectively.
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图 1 拉坯方向取样和样品分割示意（单位：mm）
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of sampling along the casting direction and sample sectioning
图 3 显微夹杂物典型形貌和面扫分析结果
(a) Al2O3+MgO; (b) Al2O3+TiS; (c) Al2O3+TiN; (d) Al2O3+气泡; (e) 簇状Al2O3; (f) TiN; (g)～(i) 气泡
Figure 3. Morphologies and map scanning results of typical micro inclusions
图 4 夹杂物演变FactSage8.1计算结果
Figure 4. Evolution of inclusions calculated by FactSage8.1
(a) Heat A; (b) Heat B
图 5 换包坯中5 μm以上显微夹杂物的成分和尺寸分布
Figure 5. Composition and size distribution of micro inclusions with the sizes larger than 5 μm in the ladel exchange slabs
图 6 换包坯中5 μm以上各种显微夹杂物质量占比在拉坯方向上的变化
(a) TiN夹杂; (b) Al2O3夹杂; (c) Al2O3+TiN夹杂
Figure 6. Change in mass fraction of micro inclusions with the sizes above 5 μm in ladel exchange slabs along the withdrawal direction
图 7 31个铸坯样中典型大型夹杂物的宏观形貌
Figure 7. Macro morphologies of typical large-size inclusions in 31 casting slab samples
图 8 大型夹杂物典型形貌和SEM-EDS扫描分析结果
(a) CaO+Al2O3; (b) 团聚状Al2O3夹杂; (c) 含Na保护渣夹杂; (d) 块状Al2O3夹杂; (e) 箭矢状SiO2+Al2O3夹杂; (f) 蝌蚪状SiO2+Al2O3夹杂
Figure 8. Typical morphologies and SEM-EDS results of large-size inclusions
图 9 换包坯中30 μm以上不同成分和不同尺寸范围的大型夹杂物含量变化
(a) 不同成分的大型夹杂物含量指数变化; (b) 不同尺寸的大型夹杂物含量指数变化
Figure 9. Change in the contents of large-size inclusions above 30 μm of different compositions and size ranges in ladel exchange slabs
图 10 正常坯和交接坯之间不同种类的不同尺寸范围大型夹杂物的平均含量和平均数量比较
(a) 夹杂物平均含量指数对比; (b) 夹杂物平均数量对比
Figure 10. Comparison of average contents and average quantities of large-size inclusions with different types and size ranges between normal and ladel exchange slabs
表 1 两个炉次中间包钢样化学成分
Table 1. Chemical compositions of IF steel tundish samples for heat A and B
% No. C Si Mn S Alt Als Ti O N A 0.0015 0.0033 0.116 0.0040 0.0544 0.0488 0.0444 0.0016 0.0014 B 0.0014 0.0033 0.111 0.0046 0.0475 0.0438 0.0458 0.0018 0.0015 
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