Experimental study on the fluidization quality of hot carbonized slag beds under slurry injection
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摘要: 基于某厂碳化钛渣沸腾氯化炉内返泥浆实际建立了热态模拟试验系统，研究了液相进入碳化渣流化床层的限量、过热蒸发后实际进入床层的液相量与加液量的关联，剖析了液相介入下流化床层中碳化渣颗粒的聚散行为与流化质量指标变化规律。研究结果表明：在压力脉动相对平稳的碳化渣流化床层中喷入液相后，液相桥接固相颗粒粘连团聚导致床层压降剧增。当介入碳化渣流化床层的液相量相对较少，液固质量比小于0.005时，在流化气体的搅混剪切和固相吸液作用下，可使团聚颗粒解离分散，床层压降恢复到无液相介入的气固流化状态；随着液固质量比增加达到0.03～0.10时，流化质量指数相对平稳，而床层压降脉动标准偏差明显降低，碳化渣床层的流化质量稳定较好；结合在线热重追踪，在试验研究条件下获得的进入碳化渣流化床层的液相量与加入的液相量呈现出较好的线性相关性。Abstract: A thermal simulation test system was established for the purpose of investigating the actual return slurry conditions in a fluidized chlorination furnace for hot carbonized slag containing titanium carbide. The limit of liquid phase entering the fluidized bed layer of carbonized slag, the correlation between the actual amount of liquid phase entering the bed layer after superheated evaporation and the amount of liquid added were studied. In depth analysis was conducted on the aggregation and dispersion behavior of carbonized slag particles in the fluidized bed with liquid phase intervention, as well as the changes in fluidization quality indicators. The results indicate that when liquid phase is introduced into a carbonized slag fluidized bed with relatively stable pressure pulsations, the liquid bridges solid particles, causing them to agglomerate and leading to a sharp increase in bed pressure drop. In instances where the quantity of liquid phase introduced into the carbonized slag fluidized bed is comparatively minor (with a liquid-to-solid ratio of less than 0.005), the agglomerated particles can undergo disaggregation and dispersion as a consequence of the mixing and shearing action of the fluidizing gas and the liquid absorption by the solid phase. This process serves to restore the bed pressure drop to the gas-solid fluidization state, obviating the necessity for liquid phase introduction. Conversely, as the liquid-solid ratio increases to between 0.03 and 0.10, the fluidization quality index remains relatively stable, whilst the standard deviation of bed pressure drop pulsations decreases significantly, indicating enhanced fluidization quality stability in the carbonized slag bed. In conjunction with online thermogravimetric tracking, it was ascertained that under the test conditions of this study, the amount of liquid entering the carbonized slag fluidized bed exhibits a satisfactory linear correlation with the amount of liquid added.
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图 1 可视化试验原理和试验设备
1-气瓶；2-气体调节阀；3-气体流量计；4-储液装置；5-浆液喷嘴；6-反应器；7-加热炉；8-温度（T）压力（P）质量（M）传感器；9-数据采集器；10-电脑(a)试验原理；(b)试验设备
Figure 1. Schematic diagram and actual device diagram of visual experiment
图 2 碳化渣流化床层压力脉动曲线
Figure 2. Pressure fluctuation curves of carbonized slag fluidized bed
(a)ml/ms=0.00～0.20；(b) ml/ms=0.30～0.40
图 3 液相喷入气固流化床中固相颗粒聚散过程解析示意
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of solid particles aggregation and dispersion process in a gas-solid fluidized bed with liquid phase injection
图 4 压力脉动标准偏差和流化指数与液固质量比的关系曲线
Figure 4. The relationship curves of pressure fluctuation standard deviation, fluidization index and liquid-solid ratio
图 5 实际进入床层液相量与加液量的变化关系
Figure 5. The relationship between the actual amount of liquid entering the bed and the amount of liquid added
表 1 现场实际与模拟试验原材料对比
Table 1. Comparison of raw materials between field experiment and simulation experiment
Research subject Solid phase particles Fluidized gas Slurry On site fluidized chlorination furnace Titanium carbonized slag Cl2 Slurry of containing TiCl4 Visual weighing test furnace Titanium carbonized slag N2 Talc powder slurry 
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表 2 流化气体表观速度对照
Table 2. Comparison table of apparent velocity of fluidizing gas
Fluidized gas Apparent velocity /（m·s−1） Condition 1 Condition 2 Condition 3 Condition 4 Condition 5 Cl2 0.12 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.24 N2 0.19 0.25 0.28 0.32 0.38
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