Research on the microstructure and wear-resistance of TiC reinforced high chromium cast iron composites
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摘要: 采用粉末冶金法制备了不同质量分数(30%、40%、50%)TiC的TiC增强高铬铸铁基复合材料，系统研究了其组织结构与性能之间的关系。结果表明，复合材料主要由Fe-Cr相、(Cr,Fe)7C3相、TiC 颗粒组成，不同 TiC 含量下组织结构差异显著：TiC 质量分数30%时为弥散分布型结构，TiC黑色颗粒均匀弥散于基体中，无明显团聚，孔隙率仅3.5%，组织致密；40%时增强相聚集紧凑，TiC颗粒间距进一步缩小，与基体界面结合紧密，弥散强化作用显著提升；当含量升至50%时呈现团聚-孔隙型结构，团聚现象急剧加剧，孔隙率跃升至11.4%，局部形成连通微孔，致密度显著下降。与之对应，硬度与耐磨性能先升后降，40%复合材料综合性能最优，硬度（HV）达
1619.1 ，冲击磨损失重率低至0.0732 g/h；50%样品因团聚-孔隙缺陷协同作用，硬度波动较大，磨损率反弹至0.168 g/h，性能明显劣化。Abstract: TiC reinforced high-chromium cast iron matrix composites with different TiC mass fractions (30%, 40%, 50%) were prepared by powder metallurgy method, and the relationship between their microstructure and properties was systematically studied. The results show that the composite material is mainly composed of Fe-Cr phase, (Cr,Fe)7C3 phase, and TiC particles, with significant differences in microstructure under different TiC contents. At a TiC mass fraction of 30%, it exhibits a dispersed distribution structure, where black TiC particles are uniformly dispersed in the matrix without obvious agglomeration, the porosity is only 3.5%, and the structure is dense. At 40%, the reinforcing phase aggregates compactly, the spacing of TiC particles further decreases, and they bond closely with the matrix interface, significantly enhancing the dispersion strengthening effect. When the TiC content increases to 50%, it presents an agglomeration-porosity structure, the agglomeration phenomenon intensifies sharply, the porosity jumps to 11.4%, local connected micropores are formed, and the density decreases significantly. Correspondingly, the hardness and wear resistance first increased and then decreased. The 40% composite material had the best comprehensive performance, with a hardness （HV）of 1619.1 and an impact wear weight loss rate as low as 0.0732 g/h. Due to the synergistic effect of agglomeration-pore defects, the hardness of 50% of the samples fluctuated significantly, and the wear rate rebounded to 0.168 g/h, with a marked deterioration in performance. -
图 4 试样显微组织形貌
（a）基体；（b）试样A；（c）试样B；（d）试样C
Figure 4. Microstructure morphology of the samples
图 7 磨损试样表面形貌
（a）基体；（b）试样A；（c）试样B；（d）试样C；（e）基体（BSD）；（f）试样A（BSD）；（g）试样B（BSD）；（h）试样C（BSD）
Figure 7. Surface morphology of worn specimens
图 8 磨损试样截面形貌
（a）基体；（b）试样A；（c）试样B；（d）试样C；（e）基体（BSD）；（f）试样A（BSD）；（g）试样B（BSD）；（h）试样C（BSD）
Figure 8. Cross-sectional morphology of worn specimens
表 1 高铬铸铁成分
Table 1. Composition of high chromium cast iron
% C Cr Mo Ni Si Mn S、P、Fe, etc 3.1~3.3 25~26 0.3~0.6 0.2~0.4 0.2~0.4 0.6~0.8 balance 
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表 2 试样配比成分表
Table 2. Table of component proportions for the sample
Sample ID w[TiC]/% HCCI/% A 30 balance B 40 balance C 50 balance
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表 3 试样组织中物相的EDS能谱
Table 3. EDS energy spectrum of the phases in the sample microstructure
Sample ID Spot No. w/% C Ti Cr Fe Matrix 1 0.56 6.53 92.91 2 5.61 49.38 45.01 Sample A 3 1.91 0.70 4.21 93.17 4 6.28 1.71 38.90 53.11 5 12.77 85.85 0.13 1.25 Sample B 6 1.06 2.12 4.68 92.14 7 6.05 3.03 45.36 45.56 8 13.18 86.03 0.15 0.64 Sample C 9 1.19 1.99 3.68 93.15 10 5.86 2.39 38.27 53.48 11 12.99 86.25 0.14 0.63
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