辽宁朝阳低铁高钛高钒铁精矿成球及球团固结机制研究

郭宇峰; 解焱钦; 陈茅; 王帅; 张艺曦; 夏鑫垚; 陈凤

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2026.03.016

辽宁朝阳低铁高钛高钒铁精矿成球及球团固结机制研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2026.03.016

郭宇峰^{1, 3,},
解焱钦¹,
陈茅^{2, 3},
王帅^{1, 3, ,},
张艺曦¹,
夏鑫垚¹,
陈凤^{1, 3}

1.
中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院, 湖南长沙 410083
2.
攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司, 四川攀枝花 617000
3.
钒钛资源高质化利用四川省重点实验室, 四川攀枝花 617000

基金项目: 钒钛联盟2023年度协同研发项目“低铁高钛高钒型铁精矿冶金应用基础研究”（PGWX2023028）；2025年度中南大学研究生自主探索创新项目（2025ZZTS0473）。

详细信息

作者简介:
郭宇峰，1970年出生，男，内蒙古呼伦贝尔人，博士，教授；研究方向：复杂矿综合利用，E-mail：yfguo@csu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
王帅，1988年出生，男，山西祁县人，博士，副教授；研究方向：复杂矿综合利用，E-mail：s.wang@csu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TF046.6;TF533
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-10-30
- 录用日期: 2026-02-09
- 修回日期: 2025-12-23
- 刊出日期: 2026-06-29

Study on the pelletization and agglomeration mechanisms of low-iron, high-titanium, high-vanadium iron concentrate in Chaoyang, Liaoning

GUO Yufeng^{1, 3
,},
XIE Yanqin¹,
CHEN Mao^{2, 3},
WANG Shuai^{1, 3
, ,},
ZHANG Yixi¹,
XIA Xinyao¹,
CHEN Feng^{1, 3}

1.
School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
2.
Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute Co., Ltd., Pangang Group, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
3.
Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for High-Value Utilization of Vanadium and Titanium Resources, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 辽宁朝阳地区钒钛磁铁矿资源储量超过200亿t，分选铁精矿具有高硅、高钛、高钒特征，矿物组成复杂，且尚无成熟球团制备工艺。开展该精矿成球及球团固结机制研究，对该地区特色钒钛资源高效综合利用具有重要意义。通过采用正交试验与单因素试验，研究混合料水分、造球时间、润磨和高压辊磨对生球性能的影响。结果表明，影响生球抗压强度的因素依次为高压辊磨、润磨、造球时间和混合料水分；影响落下强度的因素依次为高压辊磨、造球时间、混合料水分和润磨。适宜工艺参数为膨润土含量1.2%、混合料水分8%、造球时间12 min；生球经900 ℃预热8 min、1100 ℃焙烧10 min后，可获得抗压强度2641 N/球且冶金性能良好的氧化球团。
- 低铁高钛高钒铁精矿 /
- 球团矿 /
- 生球性能 /
- 抗压强度
Abstract: The vanadium–titanium magnetite resources in the Chaoyang area of Liaoning Province (also known as Liaoxi) exceed 20 billion tonnes. The iron concentrate obtained from beneficiation is characterized by high Si, Ti, and V contents, complex mineral composition, and the absence of a mature pelletizing process. Therefore, investigating the balling behavior and pellet consolidation mechanism of this concentrate is of great significance for the efficient and comprehensive utilization of these distinctive vanadium–titanium resources. In this study, orthogonal and single-factor experiments were conducted to examine the effects of mixture moisture, balling time, wet grinding, and high-pressure grinding rolls on green pellet properties. The results show that the factors affecting green pellet compressive strength followed the order of high-pressure grinding rolls, wet grinding, balling time, and mixture moisture, whereas those affecting drop strength followed the order of high-pressure grinding rolls, balling time, mixture moisture, and wet grinding. The suitable process parameters were determined as 1.2% bentonite, 8% mixture moisture, and 12 min balling time. After preheating at 900 °C for 8 min and roasting at 1100 °C for 10 min, oxide pellets with a compressive strength of 2641 N per pellet and favorable metallurgical properties were obtained.
- low-Fe high-Ti high-V iron concentrate /
- pellets /
- green pellet properties /
- compressive strength

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图 1 辽西钒钛磁铁矿XRD物相分析

Figure 1. XRD phase analysis of Liaoxi vanadium-titanium magnetite

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图 2 辽西钒钛磁铁矿颗粒形貌

(a) 钛磁铁矿与钛铁矿嵌布；(b) 钛磁铁矿与硅酸盐嵌布；(c) 钛铁矿与硅酸盐嵌布；(d) 榍石嵌布状态

Figure 2. Particle morphology micrographs of Liaoxi vanadium-titanium magnetite

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图 3 膨润土用量对生球性能的影响

Figure 3. Influence of bentonite dosage on green pellet properties

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图 4 造球时间对生球性能的影响

Figure 4. Influence of pelletizing time on green pellet properties

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图 5 混合料水分对生球性能的影响

Figure 5. Influence of mixture moisture content on green pellet properties

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图 6 润磨时间对生球性能的影响

Figure 6. Influence of conditioning-grinding time on green pellet properties

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图 7 高压辊磨对生球性能的影响

Figure 7. Influence of high-pressure roller grinding on green pellet properties

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图 8 辽西钒钛磁铁矿氧化球团SEM分析

(a)氧化球团显微结构；(b)区域A局部放大

Figure 8. SEM analysis of Liaoxi vanadium-titanium magnetite oxidized pellets

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图 9 辽西钒钛磁铁矿高炉气氛还原球SEM分析

(a)还原球团显微结构；(b)区域B局部放大

Figure 9. SEM analysis of Liaoxi vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets reduced under blast furnace Atmosphere

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表 1 试验用铁精矿与膨润土化学成分

Table 1. Chemical compositions of iron ore concentrate and bentonite %

Samples	TFe	TiO₂	V₂O₅	FeO	SiO₂	CaO	MgO	Al₂O₃	K₂O	Na₂O	S	LOI
Iron concentrate	45.68	18.55	1.61	15.35	6.48	4.06	0.68	2.17	0.08	1.26	0.05	1.2
Bentonite	3.23				57.81	3.92	2.81	13.78	1.301	6.78		15.4

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表 2 辽西钒钛磁铁矿粒度组成

Table 2. Particle size distribution of Liaoxi vanadium-titanium magnetite

Particle size/mm	w/%
+0.85	0.17
0.85～0.425	0.30
0.425～0.180	1.01
0.180～0.125	7.00
0.125～0.087	2.43
0.087～0.075	6.18
0.075～0.045	16.10
-0.045	66.81

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表 3 辽西钒钛磁铁矿静态成球性指数及比表面积

Table 3. Static pelletizability index and specific surface area of Liaoxi vanadium-titanium magnetite

Maximum molecular water/%	Maximum capillary water/%	Sphericity Index（K）	Bulk density/ （g·cm⁻³）	True density/ （g·cm⁻³）	Specific surface area/ （g·cm⁻³）
4.80	18.60	0.348	1.76	4.25	558

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表 4 正交试验的因素与水平

Table 4. Factors and levels of the orthogonal experiment

Factor	A/%	B/min	C/min	D/times
Level 1	7	8	0	0
Level 2	8	10	1	1
Level 3	9	12	2	2

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表 5 正交试验结果

Table 5. Results of orthogonal experiment

Test serial number	Horizontal combination	A/%	B/min	C/min	D/time	Compressive strength/ （N·pellet⁻¹）	Falling strength / times
1	A₁B₁C₁D₁	7	8	0	0	11.3	3.0
2	A₁B₂C₂D₂	7	10	1	1	11.9	4.1
3	A₁B₃C₃D₃	7	12	2	2	18.3	9.8
4	A₂B₁C₂D₃	8	8	1	2	14.4	4.95
5	A₂B₂C₃D₁	8	10	2	0	13.3	3.45
6	A₂B₃C₁D₂	8	12	0	1	11.1	4.0
7	A₃B₁C₃D₂	9	8	2	1	14	3.8
8	A₃B₂C₁D₃	9	10	0	2	10.8	2.65
9	A₃B₃C₂D₁	9	12	1	0	13.5	4.45

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表 6 各因素对抗压强度的影响分析

Table 6. Analysis of the influence of various factors on pellet compressive strength N/pellet

Project	K₁	K₂	K₃	R
A	41.5	38.8	38.3	3.2
B	39.7	36	42.9	3.2
C	38.1	37	43.5	6.5
D	33.2	39.8	45.6	12.4

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表 7 各因素对落下强度的影响分析

Table 7. Analysis of the influence of various factors on pellet drop strength times

Project	K₁	K₂	K₃	R
A	16.9	12.4	10.9	6
B	11.75	10.2	18.25	6.5
C	10.9	11.9	17.4	5.5
D	9.65	13.5	17.05	7.4

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表 8 辽西钒钛磁铁矿球团氧化球强度及冶金性能

Table 8. Oxidized pellet strength and metallurgical properties of Liaoxi vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets

Oxidation sphere performance				Metallurgical properties
Compressive strength /(N.pellet⁻¹)		Drum strength （+6.3 mm）/%	Abrasion index （−0.5 mm）/%	Reduction degradation index （RDI_+3.15）/%	Degree of reduction (RI) /%	Reduction swelling index (RSI) /%
Preheated pellet	Roasted pellet	Drum strength （+6.3 mm）/%	Abrasion index （−0.5 mm）/%	Reduction degradation index （RDI_+3.15）/%	Degree of reduction (RI) /%	Reduction swelling index (RSI) /%
552	2641	93.25	2.18	98.60	62.35	6.33

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表 9 辽西钒钛磁铁矿氧化球各点位元素原子含量

Table 9. Elemental content at various points in Liaoxi vanadium-titanium magnetite oxidized pellets %

Point	Fe	Ti	V	Si	Ca	Mg	Al	O
1	23.2	20.8	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.8	53.8
2	24.2	20.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	54.8
3	29.0	16.0	0.5	0.4	0.1	0.1	1.0	52.9
4	9.7	0.5	0.1	22.3	4.9	6.7	3.0	52.8

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表 10 辽西钒钛磁铁矿氧化球各点位元素原子含量

Table 10. Elemental content at various points in Liaoxi vanadium-titanium magnetite oxidized pellets %

Point	Fe	Ti	V	Si	Ca	Mg	Al	O
5	81.8	3.5	0.3	2.8	1.8	0	0.8	9.0
6	17.8	0.2	0	16.5	2.2	9.6	0.4	53.3
7	5.3	0.3	0.1	22.9	10.0	6.2	1.1	54.2

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