Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-enhanced vacuum carbothermal reduction for titanium enrichment from ilmenite concentrate

ZHANG Shudong; SONG Bing; JIANG Yang; LI Bo; LONG Xianze; HUANG Run

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.04.004

Volume 46 Issue 4

Aug. 2025

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ZHANG Shudong, SONG Bing, JIANG Yang, LI Bo, LONG Xianze, HUANG Run. Na2CO3-enhanced vacuum carbothermal reduction for titanium enrichment from ilmenite concentrate[J]. IRON STEEL VANADIUM TITANIUM, 2025, 46(4): 27-34. doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.04.004

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ZHANG Shudong, SONG Bing, JIANG Yang, LI Bo, LONG Xianze, HUANG Run. Na₂CO₃-enhanced vacuum carbothermal reduction for titanium enrichment from ilmenite concentrate[J]. IRON STEEL VANADIUM TITANIUM, 2025, 46(4): 27-34. doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.04.004

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Na₂CO₃-enhanced vacuum carbothermal reduction for titanium enrichment from ilmenite concentrate

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.04.004

ZHANG Shudong^1
,,
SONG Bing²,
JIANG Yang^{2, 3},
LI Bo¹,
LONG Xianze¹,
HUANG Run^{1
,
,}

1.
College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Vanadium and Titanium Resources, Pangang Group Research Institute Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
3.
Chengdu Advanced Metal Materials Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610305, Sichuan, China

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Received Date: 2025-02-26
Available Online: 2025-08-31
Publish Date: 2025-08-31

Abstract

Abstract

Vanadium-titanium magnetite ore can yield a titanium concentrate with a TiO₂ grade of 45%–50% through secondary beneficiation, where Ti predominantly exists in complex oxide phases associated with Fe, containing elevated levels of impurities such as Ca, Mg, and Al. To resolve the prevalent issues of low enrichment efficiency, excessive generation of polluting waste, and high energy consumption in conventional electric furnace smelting methods, this study integrates theoretical calculations with vacuum carbothermal reduction experiments to investigate the influence of Na₂CO₃ as an additive on the reduction behavior of titanium concentrate and titanium enrichment. Results demonstrate that under optimized conditions-reduction temperature of 1450 ºC, carbon dosage of 12%, and 10% Na₂CO₃ addition, the system significantly enhances the aggregation efficiency of impurities (Si, Mg, Al, Ca), promotes the reduction of FeTiO₃, and facilitates the coarsening of metallic Fe particles. This methodology establishes an innovative technical approach for subsequent magnetic separation of Fe and hydrochloric acid leaching-based Ti enrichment processes.
- titanium concentrate,
- vacuum carbothermal reduction,
- thermodynamics,
- Na₂CO₃

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References(27)

References

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